电导率的测定翻译-中英对照
1、概述：酸、碱、盐等电解质溶于水中，离解成带正、负电荷的离子，溶液具有导电的能力。其导电能力的大小，可用电导率来表示。
电解质溶液的电导率，通常是用两个金属片（即电极）插入溶液中测两极间的电阻率大小来确定，电导率是电阻率的倒数。根据欧姆定律，溶液的电导（G）与电极面积（A）成正
比，与极间距离（L）成反比。
即 G=DD 或 DD=G （1）
上式中DD称为电导率，它是指电极面积1cm2，极间距离1cm时溶液的电导，其单位为西/厘米，用符号S/cm表示。对同一电极，L/A不变，可用K表示（K称为电导池常数），因此被
测溶液的电导率和电导的关系为：
DD=G•K或G=DD/K （2）
对于同一溶液，用不同电极测出的电导值不同，但电导率是不变的。溶液的电导率和电解质的性质、浓度及溶液的温度有关。在一定条件下，可用电导率来比较水中溶解物质的含
量。
三． 微量硅的测定
１． 7230G型分光光度计（硅表）
1、简介
（1）调节波长旋钮使波长移到所需之处（815nm）。
（2）四个比色皿，其中一个放入参比试样，其余三个放入待测试样，将比色皿放入比色皿架中，夹子夹紧，盖上池盖。
（3）参比试样推入光路，按“MODE”键显示τ(T)状态或A状态。
（4）“100%τ”键显示“T100.0”或”AE1”。
（5）打开样品池盖子，按“0%τ”键，主显示“T0.0”或“AE1”。
（6）盖上样品池盖子，按“100%τ” 键，主显示“T100.0”。
（7）按数字键“x1” “y1” “z1” “d1”,按“100”%即输入了系数M，按数字键“x2” “y2” “z2” “d2”， 按“100”%即输入了系数N，这就建立了浓度方程。
（8）把拉杆轻轻拉出一格，将待测试样推入光路，按“MODE”显示浓度值。
注：测试水样时，比色皿外部不能有水迹。
2、7230G型分光光度计的使用方法(硅分析)
（1）开机预热5分钟、仪表显示F7230。
（2）调节波长旋钮使波长移到所需之处（815nm）。
（3）按“CE” 仪表显示“YEA”。
（4）按“0%” 仪表显示“00-00”。
（5）按二次“MODE”第一次显示“T” 第二次显示“A”。
（6）按“100%” 显示“A0.000”
（7）打开盖子,按“0%” 显示“AET”，盖上盖子按“100%” 显示“A0.000”。
（8）校正：用除盐水校表、两个空白样误差 A0.002以内。
（9）输入曲线：按3.092按“100%” 显示“A0.000”, 按5.639按“100%” 显示“A0.000”。
（10）按MOOE显示“CE2”可做水样分析。
（11）如不显示 重新校表。
（12）水样加药；50ml水样，加1：1盐酸1 ml，1min加10%钼酸铵2ml摇匀置5min，加10%草酸（炉水3ml，其它水样2ml）摇匀置1min加1-2-4酸2ml，摇匀置8min即可进行测定。
注：（1）测试水样时，比色皿外部不能有水迹。
（2）比色皿放入比色皿架中时，夹子夹紧。
（3）比色皿要在光路中
II. System description:
The sea water electrolysis chlorine production system may transfer the 6.3KVAC alternating current to direct current and apply to the anion and anode of sea
water electrolytic tank, which may cause the cell reaction and produce the active available chlorine. This available chlorine shall apply to the direct
current cooling system, sea water pretreatment system and hyperfiltration processing system, so as to solve the problems of sea biology and fungus algae
reproduction adhered to the cooling water pipeline, on the water recovery condenser titanium tube and other sea water hyperfiltration processing system
which may reduce circulation area and influence water distribution capacity, reduce the evaporation efficiency of water recovery condenser, force the unit
to reduce the load to operate and affect normal operations of the other equipments.
III. Working flow:
The working flow of integral unit is to pump the sea water and transmit to the chlorine production chamber through 3 set of seawater corrosion resistant
booster pump (one pump for operation and one for backup in case of failure); the eliminates the solid pollutant with the diameter above the 0.5mm through
auto back washing filters (one pump for operation and one for backup in case of failure), and enters into the electrolytic cell for electrolysis process.
The chlorine unit is composed by two group of 65kg/h electric tank module; each group of electric tanks module has altogether 9 SC400/1 electric cell which
applies series connection of waterway .This electric tank applies latest manufacturing technology of Seven- Trent De Nora Corporation which uses three piece
of SC type sea water electrolysis process. Each group of electric tank is connected through the series connection of conduction bus. Two sets of rectifier
units exchange the 6.3KVAC alternating current into the direct current and supply to corresponding the electric tank group separately, and then electrolysis
the sea water flow of the electric tank; produces sodium hypochlorite solution and by-product hydrogen; enters into the sodium hypochlorite storage tank;
dilution in storing tank of sodium hypochlorite and discharges into the atmosphere. The solution of sodium hypochlorite storage tank shall delivery to each
dosing point through various dosing pumps.
In addition, the system design is arranged with 1 set of acid pickling systems, which shall carry out the regular acid pickling process of the electric
tank.
IV. Chemical Adding Process:
Continuous adding Pump is used to add drugs into the sodium hypochlorite solution successively. When the solution in the sodium hypochlorite storage tank
rises to a certain level, it is available to start up the impacting chemical adding pump, achieving the flow required by impacting chemical adding.
During continuous chemical adding, two units require a totally continuous chemical adding quantity of 58m3/h to maintain the effective chlorine
concentration of 1ppm. The remaining sodium hypochlorous solution will be stored in the tank for impacting chemical adding. When the sodium hypochlorous
solution accumulates to a certain quantity, start up the impacting chemical adding pump, keeping impacting chemical adding for 30 minutes with a flow of
72m3/h in order to obtain an effective chlorine concentration of 3ppm.
Seawater pretreatment chemical adding requires a continuous chemical adding flow of 1m3/h to achieve 2.0 mg/l.
Anti-penetrating chemical adding requires a continuous chemical adding flow of 1m3/h to achieve 2.0 mg/l.
V．Hydrogen Discharging and Sewage Draining:
After being diluted below 1%, the hydrogen air is safely discharged into the atmosphere from the outlet on the top of sodium hypochlorite storage tank.
The calcium and magnesium generated in the electrolytic process precipitate at the bottom of the sodium hypochlorite storage tank, which are discharged
through the blowdown valve regularly.
武汉翻译公司
2013.7.12