铁路系统维护规程翻译-中英对照
自动高速公路-平交道口报警系统维护和测试推荐规程*
2010年 修订(3页)
A.目的
本手册部分介绍了自动高速公路-平交道口报警系统维护和测试说明。陈述了操作规程建议的一般规定。
B.注意事项
在影响高速公路-平交道口报警系统的正常运行变动或测试之前，实施备用安全措施，对接近高速公路用户的火车发出报警。
C.总则
1. 除非列车运行得到充分保护，不允许进行可能影响列车安全操作的维护、测试和的修理作业。进行临时修理或调整作业时，如有要求，操作方式不得影响列车操作安全。在进行修理、调整、变动或者替换作业时，立即进行测确定相关用具功能是否正常。在使用器具进行测试时，要求使用适当的仪器，并确定没有在不安全的情况下使用试测器材。
2.在恶劣天气或其他影响报警系统操作的环境状况情况下，尽可能检查相关装置，保证设备功能正常。
3.定期进行测试，确定报警系统功能正常。
4.按照要求，这里要求的检查和测试的结果，以及其它检查和测试结果必须进行记录。
5.按照要求，使用油漆涂料。
这里使用的术语“按照要求”指的是个别铁路要求规定；
AREMA® C&S手册
3.3.1部分 2010
D.信号密封和设备
1.影响高速公路-铁路交叉道口报警系统操作或列车操作安全的电路，要求和地接或地接组件隔开，允许通过任何继电器或电磁设备的电路等于的或超出75%的释放值，除直接连接铁轨和唯一的单线回线电路、单断点、控制电路，使用共同地接和安全接地的交变电流配电线路。
2.每根导线必须贴标签或做好标记，可以在每个终端加以辨认。按照电路计划进行命名。仪器外壳的识别标签或标记要求采用绝缘材料。导线、标签或者其它标记不得影响装置移动部件的操作。
3.浪涌保护装置和地接必须按照要求连接正确并进行维护。
4.信号密封必须干净整洁，除非另有规定，不得作为存放材料、工具或者配备使用。除非另有要求，不得恶劣天气或暴风雨天气使用。
5.拦路木、封盖和紧固件必须保持完好，并设置有适当的垫圈。
6.灯具控制继电器要求在负荷灯具运行的情况下进行维护。
7.要求进行测试确定延时继电器的操作时间不少于批准计划指定的时间。
E.报警设备：总则
1.进行报警设备维护以便依照清扫区域的规定执行。
2.报警设备应保持完好，并进行维护。标志、反射器和圆形饰物必须保持干净整洁。
3.报警系统的性能要求定期进行检查，并按照相关要求做好记录。
AREMA® C&S手册
2010 3.3.1部分
F.灯具
1.进行测试确定灯具在正常情况下和使用后备电源情况下操作正常。
2.按照相关要求进行测试，确定灯具能按照规定频率闪动，频率不少于35次/每分钟，但不超过65次/每分钟。
3.在每个高速公路引路检查光度单位，保证装置排列适当，并且所有报警设备的视线不受阻碍。
G.铃铛
使用铃铛时，按照相关要求进行维护。
H.按照下列建议说明，对相关辅助器具进行维护和测试：
建议说明 手册部分
(1)高速公路-铁路平交道口信号、反射器类型和光度单位的排列 3.3.5
(2)交变电流继电器 6.4.5
(3)直流继电器 6.4.1
(4)白炽电灯 14.7.1
(5)绝缘路轨联接（绝缘轨道节） 8.6.35
(6)绝缘电阻测试 10.4.30
(7)地接 11.4.1
(8)涂漆 1.5.10
(9)蓄电池 9.5.1
(10)浪涌保护 11.4.2
(11)开关电路控制器 12.5.1
(12)重要轨道电路 8.6.1
(13)导线和电缆 10.4.1
AREMA® C&S Manual
2010 Part 3.3.1
Recommended Instructions for the Maintenance and Test of Automatic Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems*
Revised 2010 (3 Pages)
A. Purpose
This Manual Part recommends instructions for the maintenance and test of automatic highway-rail grade crossing warning systems. They set forth general requirements representing recommended practice.
B. Precautions
Alternate safety measures shall be taken to actively warn highway users of approaching trains before changes or tests are made which would affect normal operation of highway-rail grade crossing warning systems.
C. General
1. Maintenance, tests and repair work which may interfere with safe
operation of trains shall not be started until train movements have been
fully protected. Temporary repairs or adjustments, when required, shall be
made in such a manner that safety of train operation will not be impaired.
When repair, adjustment, change, or replacement is made, tests shall be
made immediately to determine that the apparatus functions as intended.
When making tests of apparatus, proper instruments shall be used and it
shall be known that no unsafe conditions are set up by the application of
testing equipment.
2. In the case of severe weather or other environmental conditions that may
affect the operation of warning systems, inspection shall be made as soon
as practicable, to assure equipment is functioning as intended.
3. Tests shall be made periodically to determine that the warning system
functions as intended.
4. Results of inspections and tests herein required and all other inspections
and tests that may be required shall be recorded, as instructed.
5. Paint should be applied, as instructed.
*The term "as instructed" as used herein refers to individual railroad instructions.
2010 AREMA -1-
AREMA® C&S Manual
Part 3.3.1 2010
D. Signal Enclosures and Equipment
1. Each circuit which would affect the operations of highway-rail grade
crossing warning systems or the safety of train operation shall be kept free
of any ground or combination of grounds which will permit a flow of current
equal to or in excess of 75% of the release value of any relay or
electromagnetic device in the circuit, except circuits connected directly to
track rails and common return wires of single wire, single-break, control
circuits, using a grounded common, and alternating current power
distribution circuits which are grounded in the interest of safety.
2. Each wire shall be tagged or otherwise marked, so it can be identified at
each terminal. Nomenclature shall correspond to that of the circuit plan.
Tags or other marks of identification in instrument housings shall be made
of insulating material. Wires, tags, or other markings shall not interfere
with moving parts of apparatus.
3. Surge protective devices and made grounds shall be properly connected
and maintained as instructed.
4. Signal enclosures should be kept clean and should not be used for storing
material, tools, or supplies unless special provision is made. They should
not be opened in severe or stormy weather, except when conditions
require.
5. Doors, covers and fastenings should be kept in good condition with
suitable gaskets in place.
6. Lamp control relays shall be maintained in such condition to carry the
lamp load.
7. Tests shall be made to determine that operating time of time element relay
is not less than time shown on approved plans.
E. Warning Devices: General
1. Warning devices shall be maintained so as to conform to established
clearances.
2. Warning devices shall be kept in good condition and maintained. Signs,
reflectors and roundels shall be kept clean and intact.
3. Performance of warning systems shall be checked periodically and shall
be recorded, as instructed.
-2- ©2010 AREMA
AREMA® C&S Manual
2010 Part 3.3.1
F.
1. Tests shall be made to determine that lamps will operate on normal and
standby power.
2. Tests shall be made, as instructed, to determine that lamps flash
alternately at a rate not less than 35 nor more than 65 times per minute.
3. Light units shall be checked from each highway approach to assure that
they are properly aligned and that view of all warning devices is not
obstructed.
G. Bell
Bell, when used, shall be maintained, as instructed.
H. Associated apparatus shall be maintained and tested conforming to the following recommended instructions:
Recommended Instructions For Manual Part
(1) Aligning Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Signal, Reflector-Type
Light Units 3.3.5
(2) Alternating Current Relays 6.4.5
(3) Direct Current Relays 6.4.1
(4) Incandescent Electrical Lamps 14.7.1
(5) Insulated Rail Joints 8.6.35
(6) Insulation Resistance Testing 10.4.30
(7) Made Grounds 11.4.1
(8) Painting 1.5.10
(9) Storage Batteries 9.5.1
(10) Surge Protection 11.4.2
(11) Switch Circuit Controllers 12.5.1
(12) Vital Track Circuits 8.6.1
(13) Wires and Cables 10.4.1
2013.1.25