环境影响评估翻译-中英对照
4、加大环境影响评价的跟踪评估，切实发挥环境影响评价的作用
4. Strengthened follow up assessment of environmental impact assessment; give a feasible play of the role of environmental impact assessment;
建立跟踪评估制度，完善环境影响评价。修改完善现有环境影响评价法律法规，不断完善环境影响评价制度体系，在对建设项目要求跟踪检查的基础上，从建设项目、规划和战略的不同层次，研究建立环境影响评价的跟踪评估制度，开展战略、规划和建设项目环境影响评价的定期评估。加强环境跟踪评价，规范资源开发过程。加强资源开发领域战略环评、规划环评和项目环评的后续环境管理，建立相关的环境跟踪评价技术标准与管理体系，逐步规范资源开发过程中的环境跟踪评价工作，积极促进资源开发过程中环保措施的落实与有效运行，确保资源的合理开发与持续利用。
Establish follow up assessment system; perfect environmental impact assessment. Revise and perfect the existing laws and regulations of environment impact assessment, constantly perfect environment impact assessment system; on the basis of the follow up inspection of the requirements of construction project, and in view of different levels of construction project, planning and strategy, study and establish follow up assessment system of environment impact; implement the strategy, planning and construction environment impact assessment of project at regular interval. Strengthen the follow up assessment of environment; standardize the course of development of resources. Strengthen the follow-up environmental management of strategic range assessment, and implement the planning of range assessment, project range assessment of development field of resources; establish the relevant the technical standard and management system of environment follow up assessment; gradually standardize the environment follow up assessment work during the course of development of resources; promote the implementation and effectively operation of the environment protection measure during the course of development of resources; guarantee the reasonable development of resources and sustainable utilization.
（五）以综合生态系统管理为指导整合区域重大生态工程，在末端环节提升生态建设的水平
(5) Regard comprehensive ecological system management as guidelines and integrate the major ecological project of local area; promote the level of ecological construction in terminal linkage
实施生态恢复与建设工程，是改善生态系统结构、提升生态系统功能的重要措施。新世纪以来，在《全国生态环境建设规划》和《全国生态环境保护纲要》的指导下，我国开展了包括六大林业重点工程、长江和黄河上中游在内的水土流失综合防治试点工程、“退牧退耕还草”和“草原生态建设”等一系列生态环境建设重点工程。这些重点生态工程的实施，对于我国生态系统的保护和恢复，延缓生态退化的趋势起到了积极的作用。但是，这些重点工程都是由各部门提出，各部门分头实施的，在总体上缺乏统筹规划设计，生态工程实施过程中工作量重复计算、资金分配不合理、同一生态建设区的生态工程间缺乏有机结合和不同生态建设区间的生态工程缺乏有机结合等问题突出，极大的消弱了生态工程建设的整体效益。因此，实施流域（区域）内以及区域间重大生态工程的整合，建立能够统一领导和调度的生态建设与恢复机构，统筹设计，积极开展分重点、分区域的生态恢复与整治工作，对于集中力量开展生态恢复与整治，彻底改善生态退化具有重要的意义。需要开展的具体战略行动主要包括：
Implementation of recovery and construction of ecological project is the important measure of improving the ecosystem structure and promoting the function of ecosystem. Since new century, under the guidance of “Construction Plan of the National Ecological Environment” and “Protection Outline of National Ecological Environment”, our country has launched the comprehensive controlling pilot project of soil erosion which includes six major key project of forestry, upper and middle reaches of Changjiang River and Yellow River; build a series of key project in ecological environments such as “Return Herding and Farmland and Grass Land” and “Ecological Construction of Grassland”, etc.. Implementation of these key ecological projects plays a positive role to protect and recover the ecosystem of our country, and delay trend of ecology degradations. However, these key projects are all proposed by different departments, and implemented by different department separately, which lack the overall planning and design, the implementation of ecological project during the construction is calculated repeatedly and fund allocation is unreasonable. It has the serious problem such as the ecological project in the same ecological construction area lack the organic combination and the ecological project in the different ecological construction area lack the organic combination, which slackened the integral benefit of ecological construction project. Therefore, implement the merger of the major ecological project inside the drainage area (region) and between the regions; establish ecological construction and recover the organization that can implement unified leading and management, carry out overall design; actively perform the ecological recovery and management work of the focused area and region; it has an important significance to concentrate strength on resuming and renovating the ecology, completely improve the degraded ecology. The concrete strategic action need to be launched mainly includes:
1、实施重大生态工程整合
1. Implement the major ecological project combination
目前，我国的生态工程基本上是针对水土流失、沙漠化、草原退化、湿地萎缩等表观性具体生态问题设计实施的。同时这些工程都是分部门设计、分部门实施的，对这些工程的投资也都分散到林业、农业、水利等各个部门，所以生态系统结构与功能保护的深层次问题常常被忽略，资金使用效率低，工程重复建设的问题比较突出。因此，生态保护与建设涉及的农业、林业、水利等相关单位应以大局为重，处理好整体利益与部门利益的关系，整合原有和现有的生态工程资源，逐步实现相同和不同生态建设的重大生态工程整合。探索建立统筹规划机制，避免新建工程的重复计算、重复建设，实现拟建生态工程的整合。建立生态工程的跟踪评估制度，责任追究制度，促进区域重大生态工程的整合。建议将现有生态工程按照以维护生态系统主体功能为目的进行整合，具体方案如下表：
At present, the ecological project of our country are basically designed and implemented according to the apparent concrete ecological problems such as soil erosion, desertification, grassland degrading, etc. At the same time these projects are all to assign to the different department for designing and implementation. The investment in these projects are all dispersed to different departments such as forestry, agriculture and water conservancy, etc. Therefore, the profound question of ecosystem structure and protect function are often neglected; the service efficiency of the fund is low; the question of repeated construction of the project is outstanding as well. Therefore, the relevant units such as agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, etc. involved in ecological protection and construction should give first place to the integral situation; deal with the relationship between integral interests and department's interests; combine the original and existing resources of ecological project; gradually realize the integration of major ecological project of the same and different ecological construction. Explore to establish overall planning mechanism; avoid the repeated calculating and construction; realize the integration of planning t of the ecological project. Establish the follow up assessment system of ecological project and responsibility claim system; promote the integration of the major ecological project in the area. Propose to implement the integration to the existing ecological project according to purpose for maintain subject function of ecosystem. The concrete scheme is as follows:
2013.4.7