筹建中国生态建设翻译-中英对照
Prepare to establish “Ecological Construction Bureau of China”
优化管理模式，创新生态工程整合机制。加强纵向整合，构建统一领导与分部门协作的管理体制。实施跨行政区垂直管理机制。建立由各生态系统管理相关部门首长组成的统一调度机构，结合部门间的职能整合、功能区内部的问题整合、功能区间的功能整合，对国家重点生态工程项目实施高效一体化管理。加强横向整合，克服职能交叉，明确部门分工。打破目前传统的管理模式，减少相关立法中管理部门职权的条块分割。以全面考虑、监督实施、巩固成果、公众参与为原则，协调生态建设与地方其它建设活动，整合生态工程目标，整合生态工程绩效，建立绩效保障机制、评估机制，实施绩效巩固措施。
Optimize the management mode; innovate the integration mechanism of ecological project. Strengthen the vertical combination; establish the management system with unified leading and department cooperation structure. Implement the vertical mechanism of cross-region management in the administrative area. Establish the unified dispatching organization which composed of leaders of relevant ecological department of management system; combine the interdepartmental function integration, problem integration of internal functional district and problem integration between functional districts, implement the high-efficient management for the national key ecological project. Strengthen and horizontal integration, overcome cross functions; define the department labor division. Break the present traditional management mode; reduce the barrier between different departments of the authority administrative department in the relevant legislation. Follow the principle of overall consideration, supervision and implementation, consolidation the achievement and participation of citizens; coordinate ecological construction and construction activities of other place and integrate the objectives of ecological project; integrate the performance of ecological project; establish the security mechanism of the performance, assessment mechanism, implement performance and consolidate the measures.
3、分重点分区域开展生态恢复整治工作
3. Launch the resuming and renovating work of ecology in different focus points and areas
尽快拯救额济纳绿洲和甘肃民勤等土地沙化严重，生态危急区域的生态系统结构与功能。坚持以水定产、以水定畜、以水定人。调整产业结构，发展节水型生态产业。综合生物和工程措施，加强水土流失治理。实施开发性生态移民工程，减轻生态压力。
Save the serious desertification, ecosystem structure and function of the critical area of the ecology of Ejin Oasis and Minqin County of Gansu as soon as possible; adhere to define the output quota by water, define the rearing animal by water and define the population by water. Adjust the industrial structure and develop the water-saving ecological industry. Integrate the biology and project measure; strengthen the control if soil erosion. Implement the explorative immigrant project and lighten the ecological pressure.
继续巩固青藏高原水源涵养区、黄土高原水土流失区、西南山地石漠化区、京津上游风沙源区等重点保护区域的生态治理。全面停止天然林采伐，封山（沙）育林育草，加快生态防护林体系建设，大力加强退化草场的改良和建设，合理利用草地，实行围栏封育。加大水土保持力度，大规模开展小流域水土流失综合治理。积极发展替代产业，改变粗放的经济增长方式，降低人为活动强度。
Continue to consolidate the ecological administration of key preservation areas such as water source conservation areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, soil erosion area of loess plateau, rock desertification area of southwest mountain region, upper reaches of sand wind area of Beijing and Tianjin. Completely prohibit fell of natural forest; seal a mountain (sand) and breed afforest and grasses; accelerate the construction of shelterbelt network of the ecology; strengthen the effective manner and construction of the degraded meadow; rationally utilize meadow; implement rail sealing and breed. Strengthen water and soil conservation; launch comprehensive administration of soil erosion in small drainage area on a large scale. Positively develop replacement industry; change the extensive style of economic increasing; reduce the intensity of artificial activities.
重视呼伦贝尔草原区、大兴安岭原始林区生态和川西北水源区等生态良好区的生态保育，逐步加大相关区域保护投入力度，确保国家尚没有出现严重生态问题的少数区域生态系统结构与功能不受破坏。
Emphasis the ecological cultivation of the districts with sound ecology such as Hulun Buir Grassland, primitive ecology forest zone of Daxing'an Mountain area and water source in the northwest of Sichuan, etc.; gradually devote more efforts to protect in relevant area; guarantee that the few regional ecosystem structure and function without serious ecological problem in our country is free from destroy.
密切关注、监控三峡水库、南水北调等重大工程扰动区。建立相关区域生态结构与功能动态变化、生态灾害、生态安全的监测预警系统，实施动态监测评估。
Pay close attention to major disturbed zone of Three Gorges Reservoir and South-North Water transportation project, etc.. Establish the relevant ecological structure and change of dynamic function, ecological calamity, early warning and monitoring system of ecology safety; implement the dynamic monitor assessment.
（六）完善生态监测网络，建立国家生态评估与预警体系
(6) Perfect the monitoring network of ecology, Establish national ecology assessment and early warning system
生态监测着眼于“全面性和系统性”，是在时间和空间上对特定区域范围内生态系统或生态系统组合体的类型、结构和功能及其组合要素等进行监控和测试，从而为评价生态环境质量、保护生态环境、恢复重建生态、合理利用自然资源提供依据。生态环境监测是环境监测中的重要内容之一，也是环境监测的深入与发展，是生态保护的基础和开展生态质量评估、预警的主要依据，也是加强生态环境管理的重要手段。目前，我国生态监测点较多，但是都分散于林业、农业、中科院等各个部门，生态监测没有形成合理的网络体系，基本上是单打独斗，没有形成合力，生态监测效率低，重复监测问题比较突出，也缺乏实时的评估预警功能。生态监测不能满足国家生态保护管理的需求。所以，从国家层面完善生态监测网络，建立一套生态评估与预警体系，对于提高生态监测效率，提升生态保护的质量具有重要意义。具体需要开展的战略行动有：
The monitoring of ecology is focused on “Comprehensiveness and Systemic”, which is to control and test the type, structure, function and key element of composition, etc. of the ecosystem or the ecosystem assembling in specific region in the time and space domain, thus offer basis of assessment of ecological environmental quality, protection of ecological environment, resuming of ecology rebuilding, and rational utilization of natural resources. Ecological environmental monitoring is one of the important contents in the environmental monitoring, and it is the deepening and development of environmental monitoring as well; it is the foundation of ecological protection and the main basis of for development of pre-warning and assessment of ecological, and it is the important means to strengthen ecological environmental management as well. At present, there are many ecological monitoring spots in our country, however its all disperse in different departments such as forestry, agriculture and Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. The ecology monitoring has not formed the rational network system, which belongs to a scattered situation and does not form joint efforts; the monitor efficiency of ecology is low, and the problem of repeated monitoring is relatively conspicuous; it lacks the pre-warning function of real-time assessment as well. The ecology monitoring can't meet the demand national ecological protection management. Therefore, it is required to perfect the ecology monitoring network in view of the national aspect; establish a set of pre-warning system of ecology assessment has an important significance to promote the monitors efficiency of ecology and the quality of ecological protection. The concrete strategic actions are:
1、整合部门监测站点，建立国家生态监测网络
1. Integrate the monitoring station of each department; establish national monitoring network of ecology
围绕生态系统结构、过程与功能，整合现有分散于各部门的监测站点，加强生态监测网络建设，建立全国统一的国家、区域、站点三级监测网。从宏观与微观多个尺度为生态质量评估提供数据基础，主要包括以开展生态质量的宏观动态监测和微观重点监测为主的国家级生态监测中心；以承担区域（流域）的宏观质量资产监测和重点区域调查为主的区（流）域性生态监测分中心和以承担各类生态因子的长期定位监测为主要任务的建立生态监测站点，三级机构在信息和技术上互为支持。加强对生态监测的指标、方法和技术的研究工作，制定全国统一的生态监测标准和技术规范。最终形成以卫星遥感监测和地面定位监测相结合，覆盖全国范围、针对各类生态系统和生态问题的完整的生态监测体系。
Integrate existing monitoring station dispersing in each department round the ecosystem structure, course and function; strengthen the construction of ecology monitor network; establish three stage monitoring station in country, area and tertiary unification. Offer the foundation data for ecological quality assessment from macroscopic and several yardstick of microcosmic, which include the national-level ecological monitoring center that mainly relies on the macroscopic dynamic monitoring and microcosmic key points monitoring, the regional (drainage area) monitoring sub-center main for monitoring of macroscopic quality assets, the regional (drainage area) monitoring sub-center for the investigation of key region (drainage are) and the ecology monitoring station mainly for monitoring of long-term localization of all kinds of ecological factors; the three stage organization is supported to each other in information and technology. Strengthen the research work of index, method and technology of ecology monitoring; formulate the national unified ecological monitoring standard and technical specification. And form the integral ecological monitoring system by the integration of remote sensing of the satellite and ground location, cover the whole area of country and aim at the various ecology system and problem.
2013.4.9