中压电网接地方式翻译-中英对照
摘 要
中压电网中性点接地方式的选择是一个综合性的技术问题，它涉及到供电可靠性、人身及设备安全、绝缘、过电压、继电保护、通信（电磁环境）、接地装置等各个方面。它具有
理论研究与实际经验密切结合的特点，是电力系统实现安全与经济运行的技术基础和系统工程。
论文介绍了我国6~66kV中压电网中性点主要的接地方式及其各自的优缺点，论述了一种应用于中性点不接地系统消除单相接地故障及选线、消除铁磁性谐振的新方法以及实现这种方法的智能综合保护装置。
论文的主要创新之处：1）采用新的电压消弧法：用电抗器钳制故障相的电压，有效地防止接地电弧的重燃，消除弧光接地过电压，保证供电可靠性；2）归纳不接地系统单相接地故障的规律，确立其接地电阻与相电压、中性点位移电压关系的数学模型，提出判断故障相的依据、创造性地设计了相应的判断和保护程序，不论接地电阻值如何变化，都能够准
确对高阻接地故障提供有效的保护，将以往难以察觉故障消灭在萌芽状态。3）采用新的消谐方法：当谐振发生时，直接在一相母线与地之间并接电抗器，使回路远离谐振点，并限制谐振过电压。
论文所述的保护装置通过了国家相关检验机构的全面、严格的电气性能和环境型式试验、电磁兼容试验、10kV电网的现场接地故障试验、并在多个变电站10kV电网系统挂网运行等，证实了这种新方法及装置的可靠性与实用性。该装置已获国家级新产品鉴定, 鉴定结论为：“装置的设计思路新颖，保护性能良好，其消弧、消谐的方法、对高阻接地故障的判别和保护处于国内领先水平”。
关键词：中性点接地方式、弧光接地 高阻接地 选线 铁磁谐振 智能综合保护装置
Neutral-poin grounding mode in medium voltage network
and Technique to eliminate single-phase ground fault
Abstract
It is comprehensive technological issue for medium voltage network to choose its neutral-point grounding mode. This issue will involve reliability of power supply; the safety of person and equipment; insulation; overvoltage; protective relay; communication (mangnetic environment); earthing device and so on. It has characteristic of combining theory with practice, meanwhile it is also technological basis and system engineering for power system to operate economically and safely.
This paper introduces main neutral-point grounding modes in 6-66KV medium voltage network in our country and its advantages and disadvantages in some cases.
And present a kind of new method of eliminating single-phase ground fault; ferro-resonance and checking up line troubled in neutral-point non-ground system.
At same time ,in this paper also describe a comprehensive intelligence device that implements these techniques.
The major innovation in this paper includes:1) developing a new voltage method that eliminates electric arc by a reactor that limit overvoltage between faulty phase and the ground. This reactor can effectually prevent electric arc from reigniting; and eliminate arc-grounding overvoltage in order to accomplish reliability of power supply.2) find a single-phase faulty rules in non-grounded system and a mathematical mode that relate to relationship between earthing resistance and phase voltage, neutral-point displacement voltage. As a result, we got a criterion that can judge faulty phase, according to this criterion we design protective program that can effectually protect network from high-resistance ground faulty(HRGF)no matter how resistance change, as a
result we can destroy the single-phase faulty while it just right form..3)using a new method to suppress resonance: when resonance just happened, directly adding a reactor in parallel between a phase bus and ground in order to apart circuit from resonance point so as to limit resonance overvoltage.
Our protective device as described above has passed a series of tests conducted by relevant government inspection agencies. These tests include an extensive and rigorous electrical performance test; an environmental type test; an electromagnetic compatibility test; and operation in many 10KV substations. This new technique and protective device are shown to be reliable and practical. A national-level new product appraisal was completed and a certification was granted.
It is stated in the certificate that:” the design of this device is new style, protective performance good, the method for eliminating electric are, resonance; criterion and protection identifying HRGF are first class in China.”
Key words: neutral-point grounding mode, electric arc grounding, high-resistance grounding, checking up line faulty, Ferro-resonance, comprehensive intelligence protective device
①发生单相接地故障时（例如A相），故障相的对地电容C0被短接；
①When the single-phase earth trouble occurs (such as A phase), earth capacitance C0of fault phase is shorted;
②非故障线路3I01的大小等于本线路的接地电容电流，其电容性无功功率的方向为由母线流向线路；
②The size of non-fault line 3I01 is equal to the earth capacitive current of this line. The direction of inactive power of the capacitive character is to flow to the line from the bus bar;
③故障线路3I02的大小等于所有非故障线路的3I01之和，也就是所有非故障线路的接地电容电流之和；其电容性无功功率的方向为由线路流向母线；
③The size of non-fault line 3I02 is equal to the sum of all non-fault line 3I01, that is to say the sum of the earth capacitive current of all non-fault line; the direction of inactive power of the capacitive character is to flow to the line from the bus bar;
④若零序电流互感器的极性是以变电所母线流向线路为正方向，那么非故障线路的零序电流超前零序电压90°，故障线路的零序电流滞后零序电压90°，故障线路的零序电流与非
故障线路的零序电流在相位上相差180°。
④If the polarity of the mutual inductor of zero sequence current calculates the positive direction by the flowing direction of the bus bar of transformer station, the advanced zero sequence voltage of zero sequence of non-fault line is about 90°. The delayed zero sequence current of zero sequence of fault line is about 90°. The phase difference of the phrase of the zero sequence of fault line and zero sequence of non-fault line is about 180°.
2013.4.23