隔膜阀系列及技术规范翻译-中英对照
隔膜阀系列
Series of diaphragm valve
隔膜阀是一种特殊形的截断阀，具有没有内外漏的特点，流线型的管道，使得压力损失小。衬里的多样性，可适用于各种介质，并具有良好的耐腐蚀性
Diaphragm valve is a special kind of stop valve, which is free of internal and external leakages. Streamlined pipe reduces loss of pressure. Various liners are suitable for different mediums with good corrosion resistance
本系列主要品种及技术规范
Main varieties and technical specification
品 名
Description 型 号
Model 通径等级mm 工 作 条 件
Working Condition 阀体材质
Materials of Valve
压力等级MPa
Grade of Pressure
MPa 适用介质
Suitable Medium 适用温度℃
Temperature
衬胶隔膜阀
Rubber lined diaphragm valve W、非腐蚀性流体
W, Non-corrosive fluid 灰铸铁
Gray cast iron
衬氟塑料、橡胶
Fluoroplastic, rubber
直流隔膜阀
Straight flow diaphragm valve J、一般腐蚀性流体
J, General corrosive fluid
气动隔膜阀
Pneumatic diaphragm valve
电动膈膜阀
Electric diaphragm valve Fs、强酸碱及各种有机溶液（溶碱金属与氟除外）
Fs, Strong acid, alkali and various organic solutions (except metal dissolved in alkali or fluorin)
消声器系列
Series of silencer
YDS声波清灰器
YDS acoustic ash-cleaning device
声波清灰技术是在传统除灰手段无法解决积灰问题的情况下，为满足日益发展的节能环保要求发展起来的高新技术。该清灰系统可全面替代传统的蒸汽吹灰、机械振打机构、脉冲阀、机械振动等清灰设备。
The acoustic ash-cleaning technology is the high and new one developed for satisfying demand of energy saving and environment protection day by day when traditional ash-cleaning method is not available. This ash-cleaning system may completely replace traditional steam shoot cleaning, mechanical vibration structure, pulse valve and other ash-cleaning equipment.
工作原理 ：
Working principle:
声波清灰是利用声场能量的作用，清除物体表面积灰的方法。
The acoustic ash-cleaning is a method that makes use of energy of acoustic field to clean ash on the surface of object.
声波发生器能够将压缩空气的直流能量转化为高强度交变力，往复交变作用于可能积灰的空间，通过声能量的作用，对这些区域中的空气分子与粉尘颗粒施以拉、压循环变化的载荷，产生振荡，有效破坏粉尘颗粒之间、粉尘与积灰壁之间的粘结力，使之处于疏松流化状态，在重力作用下脱落。
Acoustic generator will transform straight flow energy of compressed air into alternating force, repeating alternative effects on space where is full of ash. Alternate load on air molecule and dust then vibrate in order to destroy bond force between ash and granule by using acoustic energy, finally the ash will loose and fall off due to gravity.
常用型号和技术参数
General model and technical parameter
型号
Model
技术参数
Technical parameter
清灰范围（ m ）
Range of ash-cleaning
声压级（ db ）
Sound pressure level
气源类型
Type of air supply 压缩空气
Compressed air 高压蒸汽或压缩空气
High pressure stem or compressed air 高压蒸汽或压缩空气
High pressure stem or compressed air
气源
Air supply
压力（ Mpa ）
Pressure (Mpa)
温度（℃）
Temperature (℃)
电动机
Motor 电压（ V ）
Voltage (V)
功率（ kw/ 台）
Power (kw/set)
RY消声器
RY silencer
RY大孔降压系列消声器
RY macroporous decompression silencer
RY 系列小孔喷注消声器
RY silencer with small hole jet
RY 系列小孔喷注消声器系九十年代研制、开发的新一代降噪产品，它根据大孔降压小孔喷注消声的原理，通过优化设计、其降噪指标， RY silencer with small hole jet is a new generation of noise reducing device which was researched and developed in 1900s. It optimized design and noise reducing index by applying principles of macroporous decompression and small hole jet.
安全性能和使用寿命远优于目前市场上同类产品，可更好的满足电力、冶金、石油、化工、纺织、造纸、食品等工业的低低、中压、次高压、高压、超高压、亚临界、超临界等参数的各种锅炉、压力容器管道排汽（气）放空及其安全阀、释放阀排汽（气）的降噪需要。与国内、外同类产品相比，本系列大孔降压消声器具有以下独特优点： Safety performance and service life of this product are better than similar products currently, which could meet noise reducing requirements of various boilers, pressure vessels pipes, safety valves and release valves with low-low, medium pressure, sub-high pressure, high pressure, ultra-high pressure, sub-critical electric, supercritical parameters in power, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, textile, paper making and food, etc. This macroporous decompression silencer has unique characters as followings:
●消声量大。 RYB 子系列达 40dB(A) ， RYC 子系列达 30dB(A) （均已考虑指向性修正）；
● Strong noise elimination. The sub-series of RYB is 40dB (A), the sub-series of RYC is 30dB (A) (directivity correction is considered)
●体小质轻， RYB 消声器与排汽管道直接焊接，安装方便。在运行和停炉时能自由伸缩，使排汽管道不因消声器的安装而受到额外荷载，保证排汽管道工作的安全可靠；
● Small volume and light mass. RYB silencer is directly welded to exhaust tube and its installation is quite convenient which could freely expand and contract during operation and shutdown, without extra load on exhaust tube because of installing silencer. Therefore, the safety of exhaust tube operation is guaranteed.
●结构简洁、合理、检修、维护工作量很小；
● Compact and reasonable structure, easy maintenance and service;
● 消声筒材质采用不锈钢（1Cr18Ni9Ti）制作，具有耐热、耐腐性，能经久耐用。
特别说明：安装 RYC 子系列消声器后，安全阀、释放阀的排量不受影响，启跳、回座压力亦不受影响。
● The material of anechoic cylinder is made of stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti), which is heat resistance, anti-corrosion and durable service.
Special notification: after installing RYC sub-series of silencer, the discharge capacity of safety valve and release valve will not be affected or start and return pressure will not be influenced neither.
GFZ 系列风机消声器
GFZ series of blower silencer
GFZ 系列消声器系依据风机噪声频谱，采用阻性吸声原理设计、制造的新一代噪声器。它主要用于降低 65t/h 、 75t/h 、 130t/h 、220t/h 、 400t/h 、 410t/h 、 670t/h 、 1025t/h 、 2008t/h 等容量电站锅炉送风机进口侧的空气动力性噪声，同时也可广泛用于冶金、石油、化工、纺织、造纸、食品等其它工业部门。
GFZ series of blower silencer fabricates a new generation of device according noise frequency and spectrum of blower by applying principle of acoustic absorption. It is used to reduce pneumatic noise on inlet side of blower of boiler in power station with capacities of 65t/h, 75t/h, 130t/h, 220t/h, 400t/h, 410t/h, 670t/h, 1025t/h and 2008t/h. It is also wide applied in metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, textile, paper making, food and other industrial department.
GFZ 系列消声器采用优化设计、结构合理、指标先进、除具有安装方便、使用寿命长、维护工作量小等特点外、还具有消息声量大 [ 大于 25dB(A)] 、消声频带宽、再生噪声低 [ 低市场同类产品低 2.5dB(A)] 、阻力损失小（仅为市场同类产品的 83% ）等突出的特点，并能方便清除消声器内部的积灰。
GFZ series of silencer adopts optimized design, reasonable structure and advanced index with long life service, little maintaining work, strong noise elimination [(more than 25dB(A)], wide frequency of noise elimination, low regenerated noise [2.5dB(A) lower than products of the same kind on the market], low resistance loss (only 83% of similar product on the market) and so on. The ash inside of silencer is easily removed.
订货说明 ：
Order instruction:
为确保 GFZ 系列消声器与风机达到最佳匹配，具有良好的消声效果，请客户提供下列资料：
To ensure the GFZ series of silencer matching well with blower, the following information is provided:
1、 风机的噪声频谱，或风机型号，铬牌参数（转速，叶片数，风量，风压）；
1. The frequency and spectrum of noise for blower or model of blower, parameter of nameplate (rotational speed, number of blade, air volume and air pressure);
2、 锅炉容量；风道接口尺寸；通过消声器的最大工作风量；允许阻力；
2.The capacity of boiler: interface size of air duct; maximum air volume passing through silencer; allowable resistance;
3、 消声器的布置方式和支座间距。
3. The layout of silencer and support distance.
另外，还可应客户的要求，设计专门的消灰孔，方便清除消声器通道底部的积灰。
特别说明：鉴于 GFZ 系列消声器的构造特点，建议卧式布置，即消声器的进，出口在同一水平位置，如需立式布置，请客户于订货时申明，以便设计，制造时考虑。
Additionally, design special ash-eliminating hole according to requirement of clients to clean ash on the bottom of silencer.
Specification notification: as for the structural feature of GFZ series of silencer, horizontal design is recommended, that is the inlet and outlet of silencer is in a horizontal level. If vertical design is necessary, clients should make a declaration on order for design and manufacture conveniently.
汽轮机旁路系列
Bypass series of steam turbine
汽轮机旁路系统装置
Systematic device for bypass of steam turbine
我江苏宇达电站辅机阀门制造有限公司系中国电机工程学会团体会员单位。是汽轮机旁路装置、减温减压装置的专业制造厂家。多年来我公司在王惠雨教授的带领下，对减温减压系列设备进行了系统的开发和研究。吸收和借鉴了德国ARCA公司、瑞典CCI公司、苏尔寿、德国西门子公司下属的TW公司等的先进经验；并开发研制出了与减温减压设备相配套的新型焊接笼罩式减压阀（专利号ZL02218384.1）、分段式调节阀（专利号ZL01237443.1）、分段式环形可调节喷咀(专利号ZL01237444.X)、以及新型节流元件（专利号ZL02218383.3）等专利产品。弥补了我国产品加工制造过程中，原材料材质差、母机加工精度低、加工工艺落后等缺陷。克服了减温减压系列产品调节线性差、调节范围小、噪音大、振动激烈、减温水雾化不均匀以及出口蒸汽品质差、泄漏率大、设备动作不灵敏、产品使用寿命短等难题。多年来随着不断推广和运用，我们的产品被越多越多的用户所接受。为了使广大用户对我们的产品有更多的了解，在此我们作一简单介绍。
Jiangsu Yuda Power Station Auxiliaries & Valve Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is a member unit of Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering, which is a special manufacture of bypass device of steam turbine and temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices. Leaded by Professor Wang Huiyu in many years, our company had a systematic development and research on temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices. We absorbed advanced experience of Germany ARCA Corporation, Sweden CCI Corporation, Sulzer Corporation, TW Company affiliated to Germany Siemens Corporation and so on; researched and developed new welding case type decompression valve (patent no. ZL02218384.1) matched for temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices, segment formed control valve (patent no. ZL01237443.1), segment formed adjustable nozzle (patent no.ZL01237444.X) and new throttling element, etc, which made up the defects of poor raw material, low processing precision and backward technology; conquered poor adjustment for temperature reducing and pressure reducing devices, small adjusting range, loud noise, intense vibration, uniformity of attemperation water, poor quality of steam from outlet, large leakage ratio, insensitive action of equipment, short life service of product and so on. Through continuous promotion and practice, our product will be accepted by more and more clients. We will make a brief introduction as following:
一、旁路系统的主要作用
I. Main functions of bypass system
1.1在锅炉启停过程中，运行人员可以通过增加锅炉负荷来提高升温升压速度，并可将锅炉蒸汽量及蒸汽温度提高到一个较高水平，从而可以大大缩短机组冷态或热态启动时间。
1.1 During startup or shutdown of boiler, operator may raise temperature and pressure ascending speed to increase load of boiler, and raise the steam volume of boiler and steam temperature to a higher level so as to shorten starting time for machine in cold state and thermal state.
1.2实现在停机时不停炉,以便于在短时间停机后,快速使汽机带负荷,避免由于锅炉重新点火升温升压而造成启动延误。
1.2 Realize shutdown of machine without stopping boiler, so as to avoid delay of startup due to re-ignite and temperature rising in a short duration after shutdown.
1.3一定容量的汽机旁路可在汽轮机冲转前使锅炉煤燃烧率稳定在允许的最低负荷以上运行，而不必动用燃油系统,既可节省燃油又可提高升温升压速度。
1.3 Bypass of steam turbine with certain capacity may allow the boiler to operate with a combustion rate above the lowest load without using fuel system before steam turbine rotating, which saves fuel and raises speed of temperature and pressure ascending.
1.4由于再热器被高压旁减温后的蒸汽冷却,从而在锅炉启停过程中保护了再热器。
1.4 Because the reheater is cooled by temperature reducing steam of high pressure bypass, the reheated is protected during the startup and shutdown of boiler.
1.5当出现甩负荷等工况时,旁路能快速打开,从而减少了安全门动作次数,不但保护了安全门的严密性,并可避免主燃料跳闸。
1.5 When load rejection occurs, bypass will open soon so as to reduce action of safety door, which could protect the tightness of safety and avoid tripping of main fuel.
1.6低旁具有快关功能，当凝汽器超温超压时起到保护凝汽器的作用。
1.6 Low pressure bypass has function of swift shutdown in order to protect steam condenser when temperature and pressure of steam condenser is beyond standard.
1.7机组正常运行时，旁路系统的自动调节作用可以有效地防止主蒸汽及再热蒸汽超压。
1.7 When the device is operating normally, the automatic adjustment of bypass system will prevent the main steam and regenerated steam surpassing pressure effectively.
二、旁路系统简述
II. Description of bypass system
旁路系统可分为汽机旁路和过热器旁路。在这里我们着重介绍汽机旁路的有关内容。
Bypass system is divided into steam turbine bypass and super-heater bypass. We induced relative content about bypass of steam turbine.
汽轮机旁路一般由高压旁路和低压旁路组成，通常串联。无论是高旁还是低旁一般都由旁路蒸汽转换阀、喷水调节阀自动控制系统等组成。必要时还可增加主蒸汽隔断阀，减温水隔断阀等相关部件。
Steam turbine bypass is generally made of high pressure bypass and low pressure bypass, series connection is available. Either high pressure bypass or low pressure bypass is composed of bypass steam conversion valve, spray water control valve and so on. Major steam stop valve, attemperation water stop valve and other relevant parts are added when necessary.
其中旁路系统的主要部件为旁路蒸汽转换阀，它是旁路系统的核心，决定了整套装置的性能和质量。旁路蒸汽转换阀通常又被称为旁路调节阀，蒸汽变换阀，减温减压阀等等。旁路蒸汽变换阀要求减温减压必须在同一阀体内完成，压力对阀体的要求越厚越好，能更好地承压，而温度要求阀体壁越薄越好，才能快速消除温度应力对阀体造成的伤害，保护阀体。如果减温水直接作用于旁路阀阀体或减温水雾化不彻底，势必由于温度应力的原因导致阀体产生延时裂纹，事故隐患随之而产生，系统寿命也将大大缩短。同时减温水的雾化方式和效果，也决定了影响着出口蒸汽的品质和整套系统的噪音、振动、调节精度等。因此旁路阀的设计制造技术相当关键。
The main parts of bypass system are bypassing steam reversion valve which is the core of bypass system and decides the performance and quality of whole set of device. Bypassing steam conversion valve is usually called bypass regulation valve, steam conversion valve or temperature reducing & pressure reducing valve and so on. Bypassing steam conversion system requires that temperature reducing and pressure reducing should be finished in one valve, as pressure requires thicker valve body to undertake pressure better and temperature requires thinner wall to eliminate damage to valve due to temperature stress for protecting valve body. If attemperation water acts on valve body of bypass valve directly or atomization of attemperation water is not thorough, the valve body will crack because of temperature stress, bringing hidden trouble for safety and reducing service life of system at the same time. Moreover, the atomization pattern and effect of attemperation water will determine steam quality on outlet and noise, vibration and regulating precision of whole system, etc. Therefore, the designing and manufacturing technology of bypass valve is very crucial.
三、结构特点
III. Structural feature
3.1我公司的旁路阀阀体严格按GB10868-89《减温减压阀技术条件》设计制造，采用锻焊结构。
3.1 The bypass valve produced by our company is strictly designed and manufactured according to GB10868-89 “Specifications of the steam converting valve”, with welded structure.
3.2旁路阀采用减温减压一体化结构，但减温减压分段进行的结构形式。整个减温减压可分为四个阶段（详见产品图纸）。
3.2.The integrated structure that the bypass valve adopts is temperature reduction and decompression, but the temperature reduction and decompression is in a different period and step. The entire process can be divided into four stages (see products drawing).
3.3当蒸汽进入阀体时，先进入相当于笼罩式减压阀的阀芯，进行第一减压，在此阶段相当于减压阀的减压过程，在这里我们对阀体内腔作了特殊处理，消除了卡门涡流的和汽蚀产生（与同行厂家的减压阀结构有较大区别详见我公司焊接式减压阀专利号ZL0221838.1）。其中笼罩式减压阀具有调节阀、减压阀和截止阀的三重功效。当阀体关闭时，内活塞相当于截止阀阀瓣，从而具有良好的密封性能。由于密封面堆焊了高硬度硬质合金，阀门可以达到零泄漏，而且使用寿命相当长。
阀瓣、阀杆、阀座都采用了优质耐热合金材料，并经过固熔渗氮等处理。提高了阀杆、阀瓣的硬度和耐磨，可以防止由于热膨胀阀杆、阀瓣咬死的情况发生。
3.3.When the steam enters valve body, it enters the valve core equivalent to the shrouding type relief pressure valve, and perform the first depression process, which equivalents to depression course of relief pressure valve in this stages. The special-purpose processing in the inner chamber of valve we adopt here dispels the occurrence of Karmen vortex and cavitation erosion (have a great difference with the pressure relief valve structure of relevant trade, for detail information see the welding type patent ZL0221838.1 of relief pressure valve of our company). The pressure relief valve of shrouding type has the triple function of regulating valve, pressure relief valve and shutoff valve. When the valve body is closed, the interior piston is equivalent to valve flap of shutoff valve, thus have good sealing properties. Because the sealed surface has piled and welded with the high hardness hard alloy, the valve can reach to zero leakage, and the service life is quite long.
Valve flap, the valve stems and valve base all have adopted the high-quality heat-resisting alloy material, and processed with melting and nitriding procedure ,etc. which improved the hardness and wear-resisting of valve stem and valve flap, so as to prevent the occurrence of the valve stem and valve flap blockage due to the situation of thermal expansion.
3.4蒸汽经过一次减压后，到达阀体下部进入减温阶段，在此部位减温水进入阀体。根据热力学计算，减温水的喷射速度为18～23.6m/s其雾化效果最佳。为了保证喷射速度控制在此范围内，一方面我们采用了分段式调节阀（详见我公司分段式调节阀专利，专利号ZL01237443.1）控制减温水的喷射量，另一方面我们采用了环形喷咀结构。充分保证了减温水不受上部阀门开度和减温水压力的影响，减温水雾化效果始终处于最佳状态。
在此阶段国内外产品均采用杆状喷咀，插入阀体内，实现减温。环形喷咀较杆状喷咀有以下特点：(1)、杆状喷咀插在阀体内,自然会产生卡门涡流和汽蚀现象,给整个系统带来了噪音和振动。(2)、杆状喷咀插在阀体内长期振动，必然会影响设备使用寿命，甚至严重时，喷咀折断造成事故。(3)、环形喷咀由于喷咀孔多面积大，从而大大降低了减温水的水珠颗粒直径，比杆状喷咀更能充分雾化减温水。同时，当蒸汽需要相同量的减温水时，杆状喷咀的减温水是线状注入的，而环形喷咀的减温水是面状喷射的进入阀体，从而大大缩短了减温水的雾化过程。
环形喷咀的结构形式，其实早就被国内外专家所认识和接受，但由于长期以来，环形喷咀减温水水室与阀体直接接触，温度应力无法消除。因此一直不能得到推广和运用。我公司王惠雨教授通过多年的研制和开发，终于开发出了减温水水室与阀体不直接接触的特殊结构形式。彻底解决了消除温度应力这一难题。并因此而获得了实用新型专利（专利号ZL01237444.X）。
3.4.The steam reach to the bottom body of the valve and enter the temperature reduction stage after depression. The temperature reduction water in this position enters into valve body. According to the calculation of thermodynamics, the spraying speed of temperature reduction water has the best effect of atomizing result in 18- 23.6m/s. For the ensuring spray speed in this range, on one hand we have adopted the segmenting type regulating valve (for detail information see the segmenting type regulating valve patent of our company, patent number ZL01237443.1) to control the spraying amount of temperature reduction water; on the other hand we have adopted the structure of ring nozzle so as to fully guarantee the temperature reduction water is free of valve opening degree and temperature reduction water pressure influence. The effect of temperature reduction water atomizing result may maintain in best state all the time.
The domestic and international products of this stage usually adopt the form of rod shape nozzle; insert into the valve body and realize temperature reduction. The ring nozzle has the following feature compared with the rod shape nozzle: (1). the rod shape nozzle inserting in the valve body, and emerge the phenomenon of Karmen vortex and cavitation erosion naturally , which brought the noise and vibration to the whole system. (2). the rod shape nozzle shaking for a long time in the valve body will inevitablely influence equipment service life, the break of rod shape nozzle may cause the accident in a serious condition. (3). The ring shape nozzle reduced the diameter of water drop particle of temperature reduction water in a considerable degree, which may realize the fully atomizing result compared with rod shape nozzle. Meanwhile, when the steam needs the same quantity of temperature reduction water, the temperature reduction water of rod shape nozzle is linear to pour into, and the temperature reduction water of ring shape nozzle is flat spraying, so as to shorten the atomized course of reducing the temperature reduction water greatly .
In fact the structure form of ring shape nozzle has already known and accepted by the domestic and international expert. However, it can not be popularized and applied in application all the time. due to the reason that the temperature stress can not be eliminated because the contacting of rod shape nozzle temperature reduction water and valve body. Wang Hui, rain professor of our company finally developed special structure form in which the temperature reduction water and valve body were not contact directly through the years of research and development, which Have solved this difficult problem of the temperature stress elimination completely. And has obtained the practical new-type patent (patent number ZL01237444.X ).
3.5蒸汽经过减温后，进入第三、第四阶段，我们的产品在此部位有两块降压降噪孔板，一方面这两块节流孔板对蒸汽进行了第二次、第三次降压；另一方根据我国科学家马大龙的小孔消音原理，对设备进行降噪处理；另外，这两块节流孔板还可以防止未及时雾化的减温水进一步雾化，提高蒸汽品质。在此我们也保证了设备在距阀门出口一米噪音不大于80Db（A）。
总之，我们的旁路装置的产品技术较国内外相比具有明显的优越性，多年来广大用户的意见反馈给予了我们充分的肯定。当然技术和质量的追求是无止境的，为了我们能为您提供更先进成熟的产品，欢迎广大用户和同仁对我们的产品多提宝贵意见，对我们的产品制造进行指导和帮助。使我们更好地为国内外电力事业作出更大贡献。
3.5.The steam enters the third, the fourth stage through desuperheating. There are two pressure and noise reduction orifice plate of our products in this position, on one hand these two throttled orifice plate has been processed through the decompression for second and third times; another party applies noise reduction process to the equipment according to noise reduction method of scientist Dalong Ma of our country, on the other hand these two throttled orifice plate can also prevent further atomizing of reduce warm ink which fails to atomize on time, so as to improve the steam quality. Here we guarantee the noise of equipment distant form valve outlet shall not be greater than 80Db (A).
In a word, it has obvious superiority that the products technology of our bypass device is compared both at home and abroad, the feedback suggestion of the masses users has successfully identified us for many years. It has no doubt that the pursuit of the technology and quality has no limits, and offer more advanced and matured products for you. We welcome the masses of users and colleagues to raise more valuable suggestions to our products for guidance and assistance. Make us offer greater contribution for the domestic and international electric cause better.
4.1.2 旁路装置主要功能：
4.1.2.The main function of bypass device:
4.1.2.1 改善机组的启动性能。
机组在各种工况（冷态、温态、热态和极热态）用高中压缸启动时，投入旁路系统控制锅炉蒸汽使之与汽机汽缸金属温度较快的相匹配，从而缩短机组启动时间和减少蒸汽向空排放及减少汽机循环寿命损耗，实现机组的最佳启动。
4.1.2.1.Improvment of unit starting performance.
The unit applies high pressure and middle pressure starting under various kinds of operating mode (cool, warm, hot and extreme hot), the bypass system control boiler steam to match with machine cylinder metal temperature quickly, thus shorten unit start-up time and reduce empty emission of steam and reduce life-span of turbine circulation, so as to realize the best starting of units.
4.1.2.2 机组正常运行时，高压旁路阀作为超压保护安全装置。
一旦主蒸汽超过高压旁路的设定值，高压旁路阀快速开启，并按照机组主蒸汽压力进行自动调节，直至恢复到正常值。
4.1.2.2. In case of unit is in a normal running condition, the high-pressure bypass valve is served as exceeding pressure safety protecting device.
Once the main steam exceeds the settlement value of the high-pressure bypass, the high-pressure bypass valve shall open quickly, and automatically perform adjustment according to main steam pressure of until normal value resumed.
4.1.2.3 旁路适应机组定压和滑压运行两种方式，并配合机组控制实现调节负荷的作用。
当汽机负荷低于锅炉最低稳燃负荷时，（不投油稳燃负荷）通过旁路的调节，使机组允许稳定在低负荷状态下运行。旁路系统在机组启动和接带负荷以及RB时投入使用，以缩短启动时间和维持机组稳定和安全运行。
4.1.2.3.The bypass shall meet the rated pressure and sliding pressure operating mode of unit, and cooperate with the unit to realize function regulating control of load.
When the load of the turbine is lower than the lowest steady load of the boiler combustion (steady combustion load free of oil feeding ). Ensure the unit is operating in a stead condition through the regulation of the bypass. The bypass system operates while starting, connecting and RB loading is in service, so as to shorten start-up time and maintain stable and safe operation of unit.
4.1.2.4 当电网或机组故障跳闸甩负荷时，旁路装置快速动作，实现空转或停机及维持锅炉最小负荷运行功能，使机组能随时重新并网恢复正常运行。
4.1.2.4.When electric wire net or unit trouble trip in a load rejection mode, the bypass device move quickly, to realize the minimum load operation function of the boiler in idling or shutting down and maintaining mode, so as to enable unit to be incorporated into the power networks and resumed normal running at any time.
4.1.2.5 当启动和甩负荷时，可保护布置在烟温较高区的再热器，以防烧坏。
4.1.2.5.In case of starting and load rejection mode, it can protect the reheating devices located in high temperature and smoke area , so as to prevent condition of burning out.
4.1.2.6 回收工质，减少噪音。
4.1.2.6.Working medium recovery, noise reduction.
4.1.3 型式及组成：
本工程汽机采用高压旁路（主蒸汽）和低压旁路（再热蒸汽）二级串联旁路系统。高压旁路系统一般由高压旁路减温减压阀（高旁阀）、喷水调节阀、喷水隔离阀组成。低压旁路系统一般由低压旁路减压阀、低压旁路减温装置、喷水调节阀组成。
高压旁路对新蒸汽管系的安全保护功能：
当机组在运行下列情况之一发生时，高压旁路应能快速开启。
新蒸汽压力超过设定值。当压力恢复到设定值及以下时，高旁阀自动关闭；
汽轮机跳闸，自动主汽门关闭；
发电机油开关跳闸。
低压旁路对再热蒸汽管系的安全保护功能：
当低旁阀前压力超过设定值，低旁自动快速开启向凝汽器泄流降压。当压力恢复到正常值后低旁将自动关闭。
低压旁路对凝汽器的安全保护功能：
当机组在启动或运行中有下列情况之一发生时，高压旁路能自动快速关闭。
凝汽器真空下降到设定值；
凝汽器温度高于设定值；
凝汽器热井水位高于设定值；
低旁出口压力或温度高于设定值。
4.1.3.Patterns and composition:
The turbine of this project adopts the high-pressure bypass (main steam) and low-voltage bypass (reheated steam) second stage series connection bypass system. High-pressure bypass system generally consisted by high pressure temperature and pressure reduction valve (high pressure bypass valve ), spraying water regulating valve, and spraying water isolating valve. The low-voltage bypass system is generally consisted by reduced the warm device, sprayed water by the low-voltage temperature and pressure reduction valve, low-voltage bypass temperature and pressure reduction device and spraying water regulating valve, and spraying water isolating valve.
Safe protection function that the high-pressure bypass for the new steam pipe:
When the unit is operating under one of the following situations, the high-pressure bypass should be able to be opened quickly.
The new steam pressure exceeds the establishing value. When the pressure resumes the value and below, the high pressure bypass valves shall close automatically;
The steam turbine trips, the automatic main air gate close ;
The oil switch of the generator trips.
Safe protection function that the low-voltage bypass for the reheated steam pipe:
When valve precious pressure exceed the set value, bypass opened to discharge the condenser for decompression. The low pressure bypass shall close automatically after pressure resuming to normal value.
The safe protection function of low-voltage bypass for condenser :
When the unit is operating under one of the following situations, the low-pressure bypass should be able to be opened quickly.
The vacuum of condenser drops below the set value;
The temperature of condenser is higher than the set value;
The hot well level of condenser is higher than the set value;
The pressure and temperature of low pressure bypass outlet is higher than the set value.
4.2.3 自控系统可靠地保证旁路阀门动作符合下列要求
高压旁路阀的开度在95%以下时：
新蒸汽压力上升，阀门则随之逐渐开启；
新蒸汽压力下降，阀门则随之逐渐关闭。
高压旁路阀的开度在95%以上时：
新蒸汽压力上升，阀门则随之几乎不动；
新蒸汽压力下降，阀门则随之向关闭方向动作，直到压力达到设定值为止。
（3）新蒸汽流量在旁路装置设计容量以下时，新蒸汽压力下降，旁路阀则几乎不动。
（4）新蒸汽流量在旁路装置设计容量以上时，新蒸汽压力下降，旁路阀则随之向关闭方向动作。
（5）当新蒸汽压力稳定较长时间，阀门则将向关闭方向动作，直到关完为止。
4.2.3.The automatic control system shall reliably guarantee that valve movements of the bypass comply with the following requirements.
The opening degree of high-pressure bypass valve is under 95%:
The new steam pressure rises, the valve is opened gradually ;
The new steam pressure drops, the valve is closed gradually .
When high-pressure bypass valve opening degree is above 95%.
The new steam pressure rises, the valve remain stillness;
The new steam pressure drops, the valve is moved in the direction of closing, until pressure reach the set value.
( 3) When the new flow of steam is under the design capacity of the bypass device, the new steam pressure drops, the bypass valve remain stillness.
( 4) When the new flow of steam is above design capacity of the bypass device, the new steam pressure drops, the bypass valve is moved in the direction of closing.
( 5) As new steam pressure shall remain steady condition for a long time, the valve moves to the shut off direction until closed completely.
4.2.4 旁路装置具有下列联动保护
旁路喷水调节阀打不开，则旁路阀关闭。
当高压旁路阀快速关闭时，其喷水调节阀则同时或超前关闭，并应自动闭锁温度自控系统。
低压旁路阀快速打开时，其喷水阀稍超前开启。
当低压旁路阀快速关闭时，高旁不需随动，但可手动（遥控）快速关闭。
当高压旁路压力调节阀打开时，高压旁路温度调节系统切换到自动运行。
当高压旁路压力调节阀打开（或关闭）时，高压旁路喷水隔离阀联锁打开（或关闭）。
当低压旁路压力调节阀打开时，低压旁路温度调节系统切换到自动运行。
当低压旁路压力调节阀打开（或关闭）时，去凝汽器的三级喷水阀也联锁打开（或关闭）。
4.2.4.The bypass device has the following to linkage protection.
When bypass sprays water the regulating valve can not be opened, the bypass valve closed .
When the high-pressure bypass valve is closed quickly, the spray water regulating valve shall close at the same time or close in advance, and also lock the temperature automatic control system automatically.
When the low-voltage bypass valve is opened quickly, the spraying water valve open slightly in advance.
When the low-voltage bypass valve is closed quickly, the high pressure bypass need not move at the same time, but quick manual (remote) control closing is available.
When the high-pressure bypass pressure regulating valve is opened, the high-pressure bypass temperature control system is switched to running mode automatically.
When the high-pressure bypass pressure regulating valve is opened (or closes ), the high-pressure bypass spraying water and isolating valve interlock open (or closes ).
When the low-voltage bypass pressure regulating valve is opened, the low-voltage bypass temperature control system is switched to running mode automatically.
When the low-voltage bypass pressure regulating valve is opened (or closes ), the tertiary water spraying valve interlocked of condenser open (or closes ).
4.2.5 对于电动旁路阀系统当正在动作中的控制电源突然断电时，此时各阀能停止在断电前的位置。
4.2.5.When the control power of electronic bypass valve system in movements suddenly shut off, each valve shall remain the position before shut off.
4.2.6 旁路阀不另设专门的支承装置。阀门可水平或垂直（包括执行器倒置）布置。执行机构对于阀座的连接方位可旋转。
4.2.6.The bypass valve does not equip the special supporting device separately. Valve can be assigned in horizontal or vertical (including the carrying out device is inverted ) layout. It is applicable for the valve seat of executive body to rotate in connection position.
4.2.7 旁路装置在设计参数下快速动作时，其噪声不超过80分贝dB(A),(距装置1米外的空间范围)。
4.2.7.When the bypass device is in fast movements under the design parameter, the noise does not exceed 80 decibels of dB (A ) , (1 meter space away from device ).
4.2.8 我方所选的阀门、喷嘴材料要保证与需方所采用的管道材料的可焊性。焊接接口应与高低压旁路系统规范表中要求的接管匹配，焊接坡口要满足需方的要求。
4.2.8.The valve, spraying nozzle material we selected shall ensure the pipeline material weldability of demanding party. Weld interface shall match with the connector of high pressure and low pressure listed in the bypass system standardize form. The welding groove shall meet the requirements of demanding party.
4.2.9 阀门能承受管道系统施加在阀上的力和力矩。阀门能承受快速开、关引起的振动。
4.2.9.The valve can bear the strength and moment that the pipeline system exert on the valve . The valve can bear the vibration of quick opening and closing.
4.2.10 所有阀门的结构便于维修。
4.2.10.All valves structure shall be convenient for maintenance.
4.2.11 所有阀门的设计、制造按照ASME或TRD等国际通用标准，并需方提供上述标准的文件（我方中标后向需方提供）。
4.2.11. All the designs and manufacturing of valves shall conform to the general international standard of ASME or TRD, etc. and the demanding party shall offer the above-mentioned standard files (we offer to the demanding party after winning a bid).
4.2.12 我方保证阀门严密不漏，阀门的泄漏试验要符合ANSI B16.104 V级标准。
4.2.12.We guarantee that the valve is tight and free of leakage , the leakage test of the valve should comply with the V grade of ANSI B16.104.
4.3 设备制造要求：
4.3.Device fabrication requirements:
4.3.1旁路装置的各阀门制造应符合JB3595-2002《电站阀门制造技术条件》和GB10869-89 《电站调节阀技术条件》及GB10868-89《电站减温减压阀技术条件》的有关规定。对于进口旁路装置还满足ISO有关标准。
4.3.1. Each valve of the bypass device shall comply with the relevant regulations of JB3595-2002 “Valve Manufacturing Technology Condition of Hydropower Station” and GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Regulating Valve of Hydropower Station” and GB10868-89 “Hydropower Station Temperature Reduction Technological Condition of Relief Pressure Valve”. The importing the bypass device shall meet the relevant standards of ISO.
（1）对于阀门的铸钢件，符合JB2640-81 《锅炉管道附件承压铸钢件技术条件》的规定；
( 1) The cast steel valves shall comply with the regulations of JB2640-81 “technological terms of pipeline enclosure of the boiler bearing cast steel”;
（2）对于阀门的锻钢件，符合JB2633-81《锅炉锻件技术条件》的规定，和GB12228-89通用阀门碳素钢锻件技术条件。
对于阀门承压焊接件，符合JB/T4709-92《钢制压力容器焊接规程》的规定。
( 2) The forged steel parts valves shall comply with the regulation of JB2633-81 “technological condition of the boiler forging”, and GB12228-89 general technological condition of carbon steel forging of valve.
The pressure bearing welding piece of valves shall comply with the regulation of JB/T4709-92 “the steel pressure container welding regulation”.
4.3.2 阀体采用锻焊结构，以提高抗热冲击能力和确保其质量。
4.3.2.The valve body adopts the forging and welding structure, so as to improve the capacity of anti o assault ability and heat resistance and ensure its quality.
4.3.3 阀门结构设计具有当今世界先进水平即：功能多、噪声低、结构紧凑、动作灵活和重量轻等特点。
4.3.3. The structural design of the valves apply the present advanced international standards such as multi-functions, low noise, compact structure, flexible movement and light weight.
4.3.4 阀门关闭要严密而无泄露（在要求的检修期内），阀芯及阀座应耐磨，耐冲刷并便于拆装与研磨。
4.3.4.Valve shut off shall be tightly and free of leakage (expire date of maintenance), valve core and valve bear shall be wear-resisting, bear eroding and convenient for disassemble, assemble and grinding.
4.3.5 高、低压旁路阀在4%~100%的流量条件下，旁路喷水阀具有良好的喷水雾化效果。
4.3.5.When the high and low-voltage bypass valve is under 4%-100% of the flow condition, the bypass spraying water valve has a good atomizing result of water spraying.
4.4 设备材质要求及保证：
4.4 The equipment material requirements and guarantee:
4.4.1 旁路装置阀门制造，按压力容器受压元件的条件选用钢材。钢材的质量及规格符合相应的国际标准、国家标准或有关技术条件，并附有钢厂的钢材质量证明书。
4.4.1.The steel materials of bypass valve manufacturing shall be selected according to the condition of pressure container. The quality and specification of the steel shall conform with corresponding international standard, national standard or relevant technological conditions , and enclose the steel quality testimonials of the steel factory.
4.4.2 阀门的结构及其零件所采用的材料保证在规定的条件下可靠的使用。零件材料符合设计图样的规定。
4.4.2.The structure of the valve and material adopted of part guarantee the reliable use under the fixed condition. The part material shall conform with the regulation of designing drawing.
4.4.3 阀门受压元件用钢应由平炉、电炉或氧气转炉冶炼。
4.4.3.The pressure part of valve shall be melting by open hearth furnace, electric furnace or oxygen converter.
4.4.4 我公司具有科学的、完善的质量管理体系，保证成品质量及零件在材料库及加工各工序中不致混材和错用材料。
4.4.4.Our company has a scientific, perfect quality management systems, to ensure the mixing material and misuse materials situation shall not occur in every procedure of finished product quality and part in the material storehouse.
4.5设备产品设计、制造应遵守下列规范和标准:
B3595-2002 《电站阀门制造技术条件》；
B2633-81 《锅炉锻件技术条件》；
JB755-89 《压力容器锻件技术条件》；
JB2640-81 《锅炉管件附件承压铸钢件技术条件》；
JB/T4709-92 《钢制压力容器焊接规程》
JB3963-85 《压力容器锻件超声波探伤》；
GB3323-87 《钢熔化焊接接头射线照相和质量分级》；
JB3965-85 《钢制压力容器磁粉探伤》；
GB1048-70 《管子和管路附件的公称压力和试验压力》
JB2921-81 《阀门电动装置技术条件》；
GB10869-89 《电站调节阀技术条件》；
GB10869-89 《电站减温减压阀技术条件》；
JB2195-77 《YDF系列电动阀门用三相异步电机》；
JB2195-77 《YBDF-WF系列户外，防腐、隔爆型电动阀门用三相异步电动机》；
GB3767-83 《噪声源声功率级的测定-简易法》；
4.5.Equipment products designing and manufacturing shall comply with the following regulations and standards:
B3595-2002 “Valve Manufacturing Technology Condition of Hydropower Station”;
B2633-81 “Technological Condition of Boiler Forging”;
JB755-89 “Technological Condition of Pressure Container Forging ";
JB2640-81 “Technological Terms of Pipeline Enclosure of Boiler Bearing Cast Steel”;
JB/T4709-92 “Regulation of Steel Pressure Container Welding”
JB3963-85 “Ultrasonic Inspection of Pressure Container Forging Parts”;
GB3323-87 “Fusion Welding joint of raying and quality grade”;
JB3965-85 “Magnetic Particle Testing of Steel Pressure Container”;
GB1048-70 “Nominal Pressures and Testing Pressure of Tube and Pipeline Enclosure”
JB2921-81 “Technological Condition of Electronic Device of Valve”;
GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Governor Valve of Hydropower Station”;
GB10869-89 “Technological Condition of Temperature and Pressure Reduction Pressure Relief Valve in Hydropower Station”;
JB2195-77 “YDF Serial Electronic Valves Which Applies Three-Phase Induction Motor”;
JB2195-77 “YBDF-WF Series Open door, Antiseptic, and Flame-Proof Type electronic valve Which Applies Three-Phase Induction Motor”;
GB3767-83 “Survey of Sound Source Power Grade of Noise - Simple Method”;
2012.10.21