报警系统计算推荐规程翻译-中英对照
高速公路-铁路平交道口报警系统确定报警时间和最小引路距离计算推荐规程
2007年修订(4页)
A.目的
这部分内容描述了高速公路-铁路平交道口报警系统启动报警装置、确定报警时间和最小引路距离计算方式；报警时间的部分组件依次启动(连续)，而其它组件可在相似时间启动或重叠启动。图3310-1和3310-2描述各种组件之间的关系。
B.操作参数
1.最短报警时间(通过车辆运动响应) ：
通过车辆运动响应，最短报警时间是指在列车到来之前，在高速公路-铁路平交道口报警设备活跃的最少时间。
2.最短时间(MT) ：
高速公路-铁路平交道口报警设备列出正常通过响应时间的最小限度为20秒，要求符合MUTCD 8D.06和49 USC 234.225，
3.清除时间(CT) ：
a.如果MTCD (最小轨道清除距离)超出35英尺，每超过的10英尺或超出35英尺的部分，清除时间是一秒。
b.清除时间可以由政府机构或铁路根据站点具体需要增加。清除时间的其它示例包括额外的同时间的优先、额外的门延迟时间和相邻轨道清除时间。
AREMA® C&S手册
3.3.10部分 2007
3.入口操作
当入口在使用时，每条入口拦路木向下行动且不少于3秒。在闪光灯启动后，并且假设在列车正常运动到达入口前，横向定位至少为5秒。
4.退出门清除时间(EGCT) ：
四极门禁系统，在入口拦路木开始下降后，出口门的清除时间是提供延长出口门拦路木下降的时间。这段时间是用于出口门动态方式操作和计时。参见手册第3.1.15部分(自动高速公路-铁路平交道口报警系统控制推荐功能/操作指南)。EGCT由政府机构按照MUTCD制定。
5.出口门操作方式(EGOM) ：
在确定EGOM时，必须给予特别考虑。评估因素应该包括：例如顺流高速公路交通信号是否没有与铁路报警系统互联、停车牌、车道，车行道宽度转换、垂直和水平的曲线，如果车队延伸到MTCD，必须确定视域阻碍和转向运动。如果高速公路交通在交叉口没有出口从，必须考虑动态EGOM的运用。EGOM由政府机构按照MUTCD制定。
6.缓冲时间(BT) ：
缓冲时间是任意的，并且除MT和CT之外，也可以列车处理较小变化范围、轨道电路可变性和机车速度允许范围提供。
7.设备响应时间(ERT) ：
调整控制电路设备响应时间。
8.预先抢占时间(APT) ：
在高速公路-铁路平交道口报警设备的启动前，提供政府机构指定的列车预先接近通知时期。计算APT时，应该考虑缓冲时间(BT)为零。
AREMA® C&S手册
2007 3.3.10部分
参见手册第3.1.10部分(自动高速公路-铁路平交道口报警系统控制推荐功能/操作指南)，对预先抢占时间提供额外的指南。
9.全部报警时间(TWT) ：
确定如下：
最短时间20秒。
加上CT或EGCT 秒。
均等最短报警时间 秒。
加上BT 秒。
均等总报警时间 秒。
10.总引路时间(TAT) ：
确定如下：
总报警时间 秒。
加上ERT 秒。
加上APT 秒。
均等总引路时间
11.总引路距离(TAD) ：
总方法距离(英尺) =总引路时间(秒) x最大授权速度(哩/时) x 1.47 (ft/秒)/(mi/小时)。
•1.47 =1秒内移动的距离/英尺。
•分别计算每条轨道距离。
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AREMA® C&S手册
3.3.10部分 2007
二个扇形门
总引路时间
设备响应 预先抢占时间 总报警时间
所有灯具闪动
ERT ART 至少20秒 CT BT 在拦路木下落前，拦路木至少延迟3秒 拦路木下落 在火车进入交叉道口前，拦路木横向至少5秒
图3310-1 ： 报警系统与或者无，二个扇形门
四个扇形门
总引路时间
设备响应 预先抢占时间 总报警时间
所有灯具闪动
ERT ART 在拦路木下落前，拦路木至少延迟3秒 拦路木下落 在火车进入交叉道口前，拦路木横向至少5秒 CT BT 出口拦路木延迟
EGCT 出口拦路木下落 横向出口拦路木
图3310-2 ： 报警系统与或者无，四个扇形门
Recommended Instructions for Determining Warning Time and Calculating Minimum Approach Distance for Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems
Revised 2007 (4 Pages)
A. Purpose
This Manual Part recommends instructions to determine the warning time and calculate the minimum approach distance for railroad activated warning devices at highway-rail grade crossings. Some components of warning time occur in sequence (serial) to each other, while other components may be occurring at similar or overlapping times. Figures 3310-1 and 3310-2 depict the relationships between the various components.
B. Operating Parameters
1. Minimum Warning Time (Through Train Movements):
For through train movements, Minimum Warning Time is the least amount of time active warning devices shall operate prior to the arrival of a train at a highway-rail grade crossing.
2. Minimum Time (MT):
Highway-rail grade crossing warning devices shall operate for a minimum of 20 seconds for normal operation of through trains in accordance with MUTCD 8D.06 and 49 USC 234.225,
3. Clearance Time (CT):
a. If the MTCD (minimum track clearance distance) exceeds 35 ft,
clearance time is one second for each additional 10 ft, or portion
thereof, over 35 ft.
b. Clearance Time may also be added by the public agency or railroad
to account for site specific needs. Examples of additional
Clearance Time include additional time for simultaneous
preemption, additional gate delay time and/or adjacent track
clearance time.
2010 AREMA -1-
AREMA® C&S Manual
Part 3.3.10 2007
3. Entrance Gate Operation
When gates are used, each entrance gate arm shall start its downward motion not less than 3 sec. after flashing lights begin to operate and shall assume the horizontal position at least 5 sec. before the arrival of a normal train movement at the crossing.
4. Exit Gate Clearance Time (EGCT):
For four quadrant gate systems, the exit gate clearance time is the amount of time provided to delay the descent of the exit gate arm(s) after the entrance gate arm(s) begin to descend. This time is applied to both Timed and Dynamic Modes of exit gate operation. See Manual Part 3.1.15 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Control of Automatic Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems) for guidance. EGCT is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
5. Exit Gate Operating Mode (EGOM):
Special consideration must be given to determination of EGOM. Factors such as downstream highway traffic signal(s) not interconnected with the railroad warning system, stop signs, driveways, roadway width transition, vertical and horizontal curves, sight obstructions and turning movements should be evaluated to determine if vehicle queues may extend into the MTCD. In the event highway traffic does not have a free-flowing exit from the crossing, strong consideration should be given to utilization of Dynamic EGOM. EGOM is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
6. Buffer Time (BT):
Buffer Time is discretionary and may be provided in addition to MT and CT to accommodate for minor variations in train handling, track circuit variability and allowable tolerances within locomotive speed measurement apparatus.
7. Equipment Response Time (ERT):
Adjustments shall be made to provide for control circuit Equipment Response Time.
8. Advance Preemption Time (APT):
The period of time specified by the Public Agency that provides advance notification of an approaching train prior to activation of the highway-rail grade crossing warning devices. Buffer Time (BT) should be considered
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AREMA® C&S Manual
2007 Part 3.3.10
to be zero when calculating APT. See Manual Part 3.1.10 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Interconnection Between Highway Traffic Signals and Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems), to provide additional guidance in determining Advance Preemption Time.
9. Total Warning Time (TWT):
Is determined as follows:
Minimum Time 20 sec.
Plus the greater of
CT or EGCT sec.
Equals Minimum
Warning Time sec.
Plus BT sec.
Equals Total
Warning Time sec.
10. Total Approach Time (TAT):
Is determined as follows:
Total Warning Time sec.
plus ERT sec.
plus APT sec.
Equals Total sec.
Approach Time
11. Total Approach Distance (TAD):
Total Approach Distance (feet) = Total Approach Time (sec) x Maximum Authorized Speed (mph) x 1.47 (ft/sec)/(mi/hr).
• 1.47 = Distance in feet traveled in 1 sec. at 1 mph.
• Distance for each track involved to be calculated separately.
2010 AREMA -3-
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TOTAL WARNING TIME
- ALL LIGHTS FLASH -
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
ENTERS CROSSING
Figure 3310-1: Warning Systems with, or without, Two Quadrant Gates
FOUR QUADRANT GATE
TOTAL APPROACH TIME
EQUIPMENT RESPONSE
ADVANCED PREEMPTION
TOTAL WARNING TIME
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TO DESCEND
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
ENTRANCE
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
EXIT GATE DELAY
EGCT
ENTERS CROSSING
EXIT
GATE
DESCENT
EXIT
GATE
HORIZONTAL
Figure 3310-2: Warning Systems with, or without, Four Quadrant Gates
2013.1.27