仪器手动操作指南翻译-中英对照
当使用仪器的手动标定功能时，按仪器的“▲”或“▼”键，使仪器显示读数与该缓冲溶液当时温度下的pH值相一致(如用混合磷酸盐定位温度为10℃时，pH =6.92)，按仪器的“mV/pH/ENTER”键，仪器显示该标准溶液在当时温度下的pH值，然后仪器“斜率”符号闪耀，按仪器的“mV/pH/ENTER”键，仪器“斜率”符号消隐，仪器的一点标定完成，可以进行测量。
二点标定
(1) 按一点标定的方法进行第一点的标定，在仪器“斜率”符号闪耀时，表明仪器进入第二点标定状态；
(2) 取出插在pH缓冲溶液中的电极，用蒸馏水清洗，把清洗过的电极插入另一种pH缓冲溶液中，同时利用电极轻轻搅拌，然后停止搅拌，轻轻地把电极置于溶液中，等待仪器的读数稳定，等待读数稳定；
(3) 当使用仪器的自动认知标定功能进行标定时，按仪器的“mV/pH/ENTER”键，仪器二点标定完成，自动进入测量状态；
(4) 当使用仪器的手动功能时，按仪器的“▲”或“▼”键，使仪器显示读数与该缓冲溶液当时温度下的pH值相一致(如用四硼酸钠盐标定温度为10℃时，pH =9.33)，按仪器的“mV/pH/ENTER”键，仪器二点标定完成，自动进入测量状态。
(5) 在第二点标定按“确认”后，如果仪器显示“Er1”，时间大约4秒，然后仪器全屏显示，之后进入pH测量状态，表明仪器二点标定失败，仪器会自动恢复到出厂时的参数。出现此现象有以下二个原因，第一，当使用自动认知标定功能时，由于pH复合电极的老化，其性能没有达到规定的要求时，这时可以改用手动标定功能进行重新标定，如果还是出现“Er1”，说明电极已经完全失效，这时必须更换电极，然后进行重新进行标定；第二，由于使用人员的误操作，如使用了同一种标准溶液进行了二点标定或在手动标定时把第一种标准溶液误认为第二种标准溶液时。
使用仪器进行pH值的测量
经标定的仪器就可以进行pH值的测量（在不进行新的标定前仪器存储最后一次标定的参数），但遇下列情况下，则仪器必须重新标定。
(1) 溶液温度与标定时的温度有很大的变化时；
(2) 离开溶液时间过久的电极；
(3) 换用了新的复合电极；
(4) 测量浓酸(pH<2)或浓碱(pH>12)之后；
(5) 测量含有氟化物的溶液而酸度在pH<7的溶液或较浓的有机溶液之后。
当被测溶液的温度与标定时缓冲溶液温度不同时，必须将温度重新设置为被测溶液温度，设置方法见仪器的温度设定，即可测量溶液的pH值。
使用仪器进行电极电位(mV)值测量
(1) 按一下仪器的“电源”键接通电源，仪器即进入“pH”测量模式，再按一下仪器的“mV/pH/ENTER”键，仪器进入“mV”测量模式，就可以进行电极电位(mV)值测量；
(2) 接上各种适当的离子选择电极；
(3) 用蒸馏水清洗电极，用滤纸吸干；
(4) 把电极插在被测溶液内，即可读出该离子选择电极的电极电位(mV值)并自动极性显示。
仪器操作流程图：
四、仪器的维护
仪器性能的好坏，除了仪器本身结构之外，与良好的维护是分不开的，特别是pH计这类仪器，它必须具有很高的输入阻抗，而且使用环境经常要接触化学药物，因此，合理的维护更有必要。
1． 仪器的输入端（即复合电极插口）必须保持高度清洁，电极插头不要经常拨下，以防止灰尘及高湿浸入。
2． 复合电极的电极头部很薄，因此，勿与硬物相碰，防止电极损坏。
3． 复合电极头部勿接触污物，如发现沾污可用医用棉花轻擦电极头部，或用0.1mol/L的稀盐酸清洗。
4． 复合电极头部裂纹或老化(久放一年以上)，则应调换新的电极，否则反应缓慢，甚至造成较大的测量误差，新的电极在使用之前需在3mol/L氯化钾溶液中浸泡24h。
5． 用缓冲溶液标定仪器时，要保证缓冲溶液的可靠性，因为缓冲溶液精度低，将导致测量结果的误差，缓冲溶液可以自行配制，配制方法附后。
6． 请不要让强烈阳光长时间直射液晶显示器，以延长液晶显示的使用寿命，必须防止硬物碰撞，划伤显示器表面玻璃。
7． 仪器长期不用请将电池取出。
附录1：缓冲溶液的配制
1． pH4缓冲溶液(0.05mol/kg邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液)，称取(先在115℃±5℃下烘干 2h～3h的)邻苯二甲酸氢钾10.12g溶于蒸馏水，在容量瓶中稀释至1000ml。
2． pH6.86缓冲溶液(0.025mol/kg磷酸二氢钾和0.025mol/kg磷酸氢二钠混合溶液)。分别称取先在115℃±5℃下烘干 2h～3h的磷氢二钠3.53g和磷酸二氢钾3.39g溶于蒸馏水，在容量瓶中稀释至1000ml。所用蒸馏水应预先煮沸15min～30min。
3． pH9缓冲溶液(0.01mol/kg硼砂钠溶液)，称取硼砂钠3.80g(注意：不能烘)溶于蒸馏水，在容量瓶中稀释至一升，蒸馏水应预先煮沸15min～30min。
附录2：缓冲溶液的pH值与温度关系对照表
温度 缓冲溶液
℃ 0.05mol/kg
邻苯二钾酸氢钾 0.025mol/kg
混合物磷酸盐 0.01mol/kg
硼砂钠
0 4.00 6.98 9.46
5 4.00 6.95 9.39
10 4.00 6.92 9.33
15 4.00 6.90 9.28
20 4.00 6.88 9.23
25 4.00 6.86 9.18
30 4.01 6.85 9.11
35 4.02 6.84 9.10
40 4.03 6.84 9.07
45 4.04 6.84 9.04
50 4.06 6.83 9.03
55 4.07 6.83 8.99
60 4.09 6.84 8.97
“mV/pH/ENTER”, which means the two-point calibration has been done and it enters into measuring state;
(4) After pressing “Enter” for calibration of the second point, if the instrument indicates “Er1” for about 4 seconds and the instrument switches to full screen display, then the instrument enters into pH measuring state, which indicates that two-point calibration is failed. The instrument will automatically return to parameters on leaving factory. There are two reasons for such phenomenon: firstly, when function of automatically cognitive calibration is applied, as the pH compound electrode is aging, its performance fails to satisfy requirement of standard, it is suggested to use function of manual calibration for re-calibrating; secondly, for the false operation performed by operator, if the same standard solution is applied for two-point calibration or regard the first standard solution as the second standard solution by mistake during manual calibration.
Measure pH value with instrument
The calibrated instrument can measure pH value (the instrument will store the parameters of calibration last time without implementing new calibration), but the instrument should be re-calibrated when following situations occurs:
(1) The temperature of solution changes a lot comparing with the temperature on calibration;
(2) The electrode has been out of solution for a long time;
(3) Replace a new compound electrode;
(4) After measuring concentrated acid (pH<2) or concentrated alkali (pH>12);
(5) After measuring solution which contains fluoride with the acidity pH<7 or concentrated organic solution.
When the temperature of tested solution is different from that of buffer solution during calibration, the temperature must be reset to that of tested solution, see temperature setting of instrument for the setting method, and then it is possible to measure pH value of solution.
Measure electrode potential (mV) value with instrument
(1) Press key “Power supply”on instrument to switch on and the instrument enters into “pH”measuring mode, and then press key“mV/pH/ENTER”, the instrument enters into“mV”measuring mode, then measurement on electrode potential (mV) value is available;
(2) .Connect various ion selective electrodes which are suitable;
(3) Rinse the electrode with distilled water and dry it with filter paper;
(4) Insert electrode into tested solution to read the electrode potential (mV value) of this ion selective electrode, with automatic polar display.
The operation flow chart for the instrument
IV. Maintenance of Instrument
The performance of instrument depends on its own structure as well as good maintenance, especially for pH instrument, which requires high input impedance and reasonable maintenance for it frequently contacts chemical substances.
1. The input terminal of instrument (namely, socket of compound electrode) must be kept clean and do not pull the plug frequently to prevent dust and high humidity from immerging.
2. The electrode tip of compound electrode is rather thin, thus collision with hard object should be avoided for fear of any damage to electrode.
3. Keep the compound electrode tip away from pollutant, and slightly wipe the electrode trip with medical cotton or rinse it with 0.1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid if it is polluted.
4. If crack or aging occurs on compound electrode tip (being stored for over one year), replace it with a new electrode, or the reaction will be quite slow or serious measuring error will be caused. Before applying a new electrode, it must be immersed into 3mol/L potassium chloride solution for 24h.
5. On calibrating instrument with buffer solution, the reliability of buffer solution shall be ensured, because the buffer solution with low precision will lead to error of measuring result. The preparation of buffer solution is available with the method being attached.
6. Please do not expose the LCD (liquid crystal display) to sunlight directly in order to prolong the service life of LCD, avoiding collision with hard object which may scratch the glass surface of display.
7. Remove the battery of instrument for long-term storage without using it.
Appendix 1: Preparation of Buffer Solution
1. pH4 buffer solution (0.05mol/kg potassium hydrogen phthalate solution), weigh 10.12g potassium hydrogen phthalate (which has been dried for 2h～3h at a temperature of 115℃±5℃) and dissolve it in distilled water, and then dilute it to 1000ml in a volumetric flask.
2. PH6.86 buffer solution (mixed solution of 0.025mol/kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.025mol/kg disodium hydrogen phosphate). Respectively weigh 3.53g disodium hydrogen phosphate and 3.39g potassium dihydrogen phosphate which have been dried for 2h～3h at a temperature of 115℃±5℃ and dissolve them in distilled water, and then dilute them to 1000ml in a volumetric flask. The distilled water should be boiled for 15min～30min in advance.
3. pH9 buffer solution (0.01mol/kg sodium borate solution), weigh 3.80g sodium borate (remarks: no drying) and dissolve it in distilled water, and then dilute it to 1000L in a volumetric flask.
Appendix 2. Contrast forms in relation between pH value and temperature of the buffer solution
Temperature Buffer Solution
℃ 0.05mol/kg
Potassium Acid Phthalate (KAP 0.025mol/kg
Admixture of phosphate 0.01mol/kg
Borax sodium
2013.3.10