断流器操作指南翻译-中英对照
13.1.4.5 销
应对所有零部件的销进行检查，例如：垫圈，螺母。当移动销的位置时，应检查每个销的直线性及其镀锌状况，确保无深度腐蚀区域的存在。
根据以下方面对销进行分类：
a) 尺寸及材料
b) 使用状况
所有使用状况差的销都应该在初次检验且获得项目经理或其监督人员授权的情况下被弃用，与此同时呈递一份被弃用销的明细清单。
应将销包装在带有编号的木箱内以便于运输。准备一份列有装箱编号，每种类型销的数量，销的使用状况以及木箱重量的清单。该清单的拷贝将按照指示要求呈递。
13.1.4.6 断流器
将MV断开，同时对保护装置进行拆除，清洁并分类。所有严重受损的零件都应该在初次检验且得到项目经理或其监督人员授权的情况下被弃用，并向其呈递一份详细的废弃零部件清单。
对于使用状况良好的元件，应做好标记并将其包装好。每个元件都必须包括所有的零部件，例如：固定支架、横木、螺钉、螺母，垫圈和接地端子。由承包商决定所有断流器的熔丝尺寸。准备一份包含关键数字，品牌名称，类型，零部件及熔丝特性的清单。该清单的拷贝将按照指示要求呈递。
13.1.4.7配电变压器
将配电变压器从极柱或平台上移开，并检查是否漏油，绝缘体的损坏情况或其他任何一个可能出现缺陷，这些问题必须在下次使用以及下一施工阶段试运行之前多加注意。
对于每一个变压器都应准备一份报告，内容如下：
a) 品牌名称
b) 电压
c) 相位数
d) 等级
e) 连接组别
f) 使用状况（描述其缺陷）
g) 序号以及员工登记号
每个变压器都应便于运输，务必保护所有的电子管，保护所有的套管以及呼吸顶油罐。
对于漏油的变压器，应先将油污清洗干净，同时在泄漏点处做好记号。在每个空的变压器上放置一块标示牌上面注明该变压器内不含油的字样。油应被安全的存放在筒内，并与附注清单一起交给雇主。该清单的拷贝将按照指示要求呈递。
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13.1.5 关于拆卸的一般性建议
13.1.5.1 导体的拆除
对于一次(MV)导体的拆除, 应利用中间极上的木块，通过一端的卷轴旋转，同时确保另一端被保护连接至一根张紧的绳索上，拉紧卷轴直至达到全部长度。总而言之，两端都必须为“死端”或是转角杆。
对于二次(LV)电路的拆除, 缓慢移动要求如下：首先，将串联起的木块系到极上，然后将所有的接头从导体上移开。将导体安放于串起木块之中，并像移动一次导体那样进行移动，在操作过程中始终要使用注意不得对导体，私人及公共财产，标识以及运输工具造成损坏。
13.1.5.2 针形绝缘子的拆除
拆除针形绝缘子时必须千万小心，负责该项工作的人员必须有绝缘体安装的经验以防意外事故的发生。逆时针方向旋转绝缘子直至其完全自由，即可完成本项操作。然后，使用绳索将绝缘子下降至地面，不得抛扔或使其坠落到地面。
13.1.5.3 线轴式绝缘子的拆除
对于在接下来工程中不会再用到的线轴式绝缘子，通过移除再重新安装线轴式绝缘子的方式完成其拆除工作。
13.1.5.4 悬式绝缘子的拆除
绝缘子串应以完整的串列形式重新安装，在将导体移开后，通过确保将其串成一行至绳索上后再降落至地面，然后在地面完成拆除工作。
13.1.5.5 变压器的拆除
当拆除高架式变电站时，关键的步骤是让变压器下降。该操作应根据以下步骤进行：将一根钢缆系到变压器的起重吊耳上，吊起其中一极的横木，通过一个滑轮系统将变压器从平台上提升然后将其放置于地面上；或者使用起重机。
电涌放电器和断流器都是独立的部件，仅要求松开MV电压跳线，然后松开横木上的支架螺丝进行拆除。将配电盘从平台上降至地面后方可对其进行拆除。
Section VIII: Technical Specifications Page Vlll-108
13.1,4.5 Pins
Pins shall be checked for all accessories such as washers, nuts. When pins are removed, each pin shall be checked for stratghtness and galvanizing condition,with no deep corrosion zones.
Pins shall be classified according to:
a) Dimensions and material,
b) Condition. • .
All pins in bad condition shall be discarded with prior inspection and authorization from Project Man¬ager or his Supervision staff, to whom shall be submitted a list of discarded pins.
Pins shall be packed in numbered wooden cases in order to be transported. A list case numbers, number of pins of each type, pin condition and the case weights shall be prepared. Copies of this list shall be submitted as indicated.
13.1.4.6 Cut-Outs
MV disconnection and protection devices shall be dismantled, cleaned and classified. All units which are seriously damaged shall be discarded with prior inspection and authorization from Project Man¬ager or his supervision staff, to whom shall be submitted a detailed list of discarded units.
Elements in good condition shall be marked and packed. Each element shall have all its accessories such as fixing bracket, crossarm, bolts, nuts, washers, grounding terminals. The Contractor shall de¬termine the fuse size of ail cut-outs. A list of key numbers, brand names, types, accessories and fuse characteristics shall be prepared. Copies of this list shall be submitted as indicated.
13.1.4.7 Distribution Transformers
Distribution transformers shall be removed from poles or platforms and shall be subject of an inspec¬tion for oil leakages, damaged insulators or any other defect which requires attention before re-use and new commissioning in next construction phase.
For each transformer a report shall be prepared describing:
a) Brand name,
b) Voltages,
c) Number of phases,
d) Rating,
e) Connection group,
f) Condition (describing defects),
g) Serial number and Employer registration number.
Each transformer shall be prepared for transportation, securing all valves and protecting bushings and breathing tank.
For all transformers which have oil leakages, the oil shall be removed, while marking the points where leakage occurs. A sign indicating that transfqrmer does not contain oif shall be placed on each empty transformer. Oil shall be securely stored in drums and delivered to the Employer with a detailed list. Copies of this list shall be submitted as indicated.
Tanzania: Distribution System Reinforcement Project, Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Kilimanjaro DECON
Tender Documents for Lot 4: Plant and Equipment for 33/11 kV Overhead Lines mho/tender docs lot 4-doc
Section VI!!: Technical Specifications Page VIII-109
13.1,5 General Recommendations for Dismantling
13.1.5.1 Dismantling of Conductors
Dismantling of primary (MV) conductors shall be made using blocks on intermediate poles with a reel at one end which shall be rotated while the other end is secured to a tensioning rope paying out to the take-up reel until completing the total length. In general, both ends shall be dead-end or angle poles.
Dismantling of secondary circuits (LV) snail proceed as follows. First the stringing blocks shall be tied to the poles, then all ties will be removed from the conductor. The conductor shall be placed in the stringing blocks and removal shall proceed as prescribed for removal of the primary conductor, always taking the necessary precautions to prevent damage to the conductor, private and public property, signs, and vehicles.
13.1.5.2 Dismantling of Pin Insulators
This shall be made with utmost care, and personnel in charge of this task shall have experience in in¬sulator installation to avoid accidents. This task shall be carried-out by rotating the insulator in counter clockwise direction until it is completely free, then the insulator shall be lowered with a rope and shall not be thrown or dropped onto the ground.
13.1.5.3 Dismantling of Spool Insulators
This task shall be done by removing and retrieving spoo! insulators that shall not be used in further works. . .
13.1.5.4 Dismantling of Suspension Insulators
Insulator strings shall be retrieved as complete strings, after removal of conductor, by securing the string to a rope to lower it to the ground, with dismantling done on the ground.
13,1.5.5 Dismantling of Transformers
When dismantling overhead substations, the/critical task is to lower the transformer safely. This shall be done as follows: a steel cable is tied to transformer lifting lugs, slung over the crossarm of one pole and the transformer is lifted with a pulley system to raise the transformer from the platform and to lower the transformer to the ground; or by using a crane.
Surge arresters and cut-outs are single units requiring only to loosen MV voltage jumpers and then loosen bracket bolts on the crossarm.
Distribution panels shall be dismantled after lowering from the platform to the ground.
Tanzania: Distribution System Reinforcement Project, Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Kilimanjaro DECON
Tender Documents for Lot 4: Plan
2013.3.12